internal: add caching to GitHub Actions

[Pospelove]

Important

Add steps to cache build directory and store current Git SHA in GitHub Actions workflow.

• GitHub Actions:
  • Add step to cache build directory using actions/cache@v4 with key based on OS, hash of build-metadata.json, and current Git SHA.
  • Add step to get current Git SHA and store it in GitHub environment variables.

^{This description was created by for 86aa61b. It will automatically update as commits are pushed.}

[ellipsis-dev]

👍 Looks good to me! Reviewed everything up to 86aa61b in 34 seconds

More details

• Looked at 24 lines of code in 1 files
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1. .github/actions/pr_base/action.yml:80

• Draft comment:

        key: ${{ runner.os }}-skymp-${{ hashFiles('./build-metadata.json') }}-${{ steps.repo_sha.outputs.sha }}

• Reason this comment was not posted:
  Decided after close inspection that this draft comment was likely wrong and/or not actionable:
  The "Get Current Git SHA" step explicitly writes to GITHUB_ENV using Out-File -FilePath $Env:GITHUB_ENV, making it available as an environment variable. The comment suggests using step outputs, but the step doesn't set any outputs. The current code using env.sha is actually correct since it's reading from the environment variable where the SHA was stored.
  Could there be a reason why using step outputs would be better than environment variables in this case? Maybe there are GitHub Actions best practices I'm not aware of.
  While step outputs might be preferred in some cases, the current implementation explicitly uses environment variables, and the comment's suggestion would not work since no step output is being set.
  The comment should be deleted because it suggests an incorrect change - the SHA is stored in an environment variable, not step outputs, so the current code is correct.

Workflow ID: wflow_ILYg5IURu1YNozxi

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