Migrate CI/CD to GitHub Actions

.github/config.yml

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+# Comment to be posted to on first time issues
+newIssueWelcomeComment: >
+  Thanks for opening your first issue here at xarray! Be sure to follow the issue template!
+
+  If you have an idea for a solution, we would really welcome a Pull Request with proposed changes.
+
+  See the [Contributing Guide](https://docs.xarray.dev/en/latest/contributing.html) for more.
+
+  It may take us a while to respond here, but we really value your contribution. Contributors like you help make xarray better.
+
+  Thank you!
+
+# Comment to be posted to on PRs from first time contributors in your repository
+newPRWelcomeComment: >
+  Thank you for opening this pull request! It may take us a few days to respond here, so thank you for being patient.
+
+  If you have questions, some answers may be found in our [contributing guidelines](https://docs.xarray.dev/en/stable/contributing.html).
+
+# Comment to be posted to on pull requests merged by a first time user
+firstPRMergeComment: >
+  Congratulations on completing your first pull request! Welcome to Xarray!
+  We are proud of you, and hope to see you again!
+  ![celebration gif](https://media.giphy.com/media/umYMU8G2ixG5mJBDo5/giphy.gif)

.github/dependabot.yml

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+version: 2
+updates:
+  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
+    directory: "/"
+    schedule:
+      # Check for updates once a week
+      interval: "weekly"
+    groups:
+      actions:
+        patterns:
+          - "*"

.github/release.yml

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+changelog:
+  exclude:
+    authors:
+      - dependabot
+      - pre-commit-ci

.github/stale.yml

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+# Configuration for probot-stale - https://github.com/probot/stale
+
+# Number of days of inactivity before an Issue or Pull Request becomes stale
+daysUntilStale: 600 # start with a large number and reduce shortly
+
+# Number of days of inactivity before an Issue or Pull Request with the stale label is closed.
+# Set to false to disable. If disabled, issues still need to be closed manually, but will remain marked as stale.
+daysUntilClose: 30
+
+# Issues or Pull Requests with these labels will never be considered stale. Set to `[]` to disable
+exemptLabels:
+  - pinned
+  - security
+  - "[Status] Maybe Later"
+
+# Set to true to ignore issues in a project (defaults to false)
+exemptProjects: true
+
+# Set to true to ignore issues in a milestone (defaults to false)
+exemptMilestones: true
+
+# Set to true to ignore issues with an assignee (defaults to false)
+exemptAssignees: true
+
+# Label to use when marking as stale
+staleLabel: stale
+
+# Comment to post when marking as stale. Set to `false` to disable
+markComment: |
+  In order to maintain a list of currently relevant issues, we mark issues as stale after a period of inactivity
+
+  If this issue remains relevant, please comment here or remove the `stale` label; otherwise it will be marked as closed automatically
+
+closeComment: |
+  The stalebot didn't hear anything for a while, so it closed this. Please reopen if this is still an issue.
+
+# Comment to post when removing the stale label.
+# unmarkComment: >
+#   Your comment here.
+
+# Comment to post when closing a stale Issue or Pull Request.
+# closeComment: >
+#   Your comment here.
+
+# Limit the number of actions per hour, from 1-30. Default is 30
+limitPerRun: 2 # start with a small number
+
+# Limit to only `issues` or `pulls`
+# only: issues
+
+# Optionally, specify configuration settings that are specific to just 'issues' or 'pulls':
+# pulls:
+#   daysUntilStale: 30
+#   markComment: >
+#     This pull request has been automatically marked as stale because it has not had
+#     recent activity. It will be closed if no further activity occurs. Thank you
+#     for your contributions.
+
+# issues:
+#   exemptLabels:
+#     - confirmed

.github/workflows/benchmarks-last-release.yml

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+name: Benchmark compare last release
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+jobs:
+  benchmark:
+    name: Linux
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    env:
+      ASV_DIR: "./asv_bench"
+      CONDA_ENV_FILE: ci/requirements/environment.yml
+
+    steps:
+      # We need the full repo to avoid this issue
+      # https://github.com/actions/checkout/issues/23
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up conda environment
+        uses: mamba-org/setup-micromamba@v2
+        with:
+          micromamba-version: "1.5.10-0"
+          environment-file: ${{env.CONDA_ENV_FILE}}
+          environment-name: xarray-tests
+          cache-environment: true
+          cache-environment-key: "${{runner.os}}-${{runner.arch}}-py${{env.PYTHON_VERSION}}-${{env.TODAY}}-${{hashFiles(env.CONDA_ENV_FILE)}}-benchmark"
+          create-args: >-
+            asv
+
+      - name: "Get Previous tag"
+        id: previoustag
+        uses: "WyriHaximus/github-action-get-previous-tag@v1"
+        # with:
+        #   fallback: 1.0.0 # Optional fallback tag to use when no tag can be found
+
+      - name: Run benchmarks
+        shell: bash -l {0}
+        id: benchmark
+        env:
+          OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS: 1
+          MKL_NUM_THREADS: 1
+          OMP_NUM_THREADS: 1
+          ASV_FACTOR: 1.5
+          ASV_SKIP_SLOW: 1
+        run: |
+          set -x
+          # ID this runner
+          asv machine --yes
+          echo "Baseline: ${{ steps.previoustag.outputs.tag }} "
+          echo "Contender: ${{ github.sha }}"
+          # Use mamba for env creation
+          # export CONDA_EXE=$(which mamba)
+          export CONDA_EXE=$(which conda)
+          # Run benchmarks for current commit against base
+          ASV_OPTIONS="--split --show-stderr --factor $ASV_FACTOR"
+          asv continuous $ASV_OPTIONS ${{ steps.previoustag.outputs.tag }}  ${{ github.sha }} \
+              | sed "/Traceback \|failed$\|PERFORMANCE DECREASED/ s/^/::error::/" \
+              | tee benchmarks.log
+          # Report and export results for subsequent steps
+          if grep "Traceback \|failed\|PERFORMANCE DECREASED" benchmarks.log > /dev/null ; then
+              exit 1
+          fi
+        working-directory: ${{ env.ASV_DIR }}
+
+      - name: Add instructions to artifact
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          cp benchmarks/README_CI.md benchmarks.log .asv/results/
+        working-directory: ${{ env.ASV_DIR }}
+
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        if: always()
+        with:
+          name: asv-benchmark-results-${{ runner.os }}
+          path: ${{ env.ASV_DIR }}/.asv/results

.github/workflows/benchmarks.yml

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+name: Benchmark
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    types: [opened, reopened, synchronize, labeled]
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+env:
+  PR_HEAD_LABEL: ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.label }}
+
+jobs:
+  benchmark:
+    if: ${{ contains( github.event.pull_request.labels.*.name, 'run-benchmark') && github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' }}
+    name: Linux
+    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
+    env:
+      ASV_DIR: "./asv_bench"
+      CONDA_ENV_FILE: ci/requirements/environment.yml
+
+    steps:
+      # We need the full repo to avoid this issue
+      # https://github.com/actions/checkout/issues/23
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Set up conda environment
+        uses: mamba-org/setup-micromamba@v2
+        with:
+          micromamba-version: "1.5.10-0"
+          environment-file: ${{env.CONDA_ENV_FILE}}
+          environment-name: xarray-tests
+          cache-environment: true
+          cache-environment-key: "${{runner.os}}-${{runner.arch}}-py${{env.PYTHON_VERSION}}-${{env.TODAY}}-${{hashFiles(env.CONDA_ENV_FILE)}}-benchmark"
+          # add "build" because of https://github.com/airspeed-velocity/asv/issues/1385
+          create-args: >-
+            asv
+            python-build
+            mamba<=1.5.10
+
+      - name: Run benchmarks
+        shell: bash -l {0}
+        id: benchmark
+        env:
+          OPENBLAS_NUM_THREADS: 1
+          MKL_NUM_THREADS: 1
+          OMP_NUM_THREADS: 1
+          ASV_FACTOR: 1.5
+          ASV_SKIP_SLOW: 1
+        run: |
+          set -x
+          # ID this runner
+          asv machine --yes
+          echo "Baseline:  ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }} (${{ github.event.pull_request.base.label }})"
+          echo "Contender: ${GITHUB_SHA} ($PR_HEAD_LABEL)"
+          # Run benchmarks for current commit against base
+          ASV_OPTIONS="--split --show-stderr --factor $ASV_FACTOR"
+          asv continuous $ASV_OPTIONS ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha }} ${GITHUB_SHA} \
+              | sed "/Traceback \|failed$\|PERFORMANCE DECREASED/ s/^/::error::/" \
+              | tee benchmarks.log
+          # Report and export results for subsequent steps
+          if grep "Traceback \|failed\|PERFORMANCE DECREASED" benchmarks.log > /dev/null ; then
+              exit 1
+          fi
+        working-directory: ${{ env.ASV_DIR }}
+
+      - name: Add instructions to artifact
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          cp benchmarks/README_CI.md benchmarks.log .asv/results/
+        working-directory: ${{ env.ASV_DIR }}
+
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        if: always()
+        with:
+          name: asv-benchmark-results-${{ runner.os }}
+          path: ${{ env.ASV_DIR }}/.asv/results