Object.java

/**
 * @NAME- APOORV SHARAT
 * CLASS- 10 C
 * ROLL NO. 11 
 */
import java.util.*;
public class Object
{
    /**
     * function to display menu
     */
    private static void menu()
    {
        System.out.println("        @@@@@@@@@@@@  ************  @@@@@@@@@@@@  *************  @@@@@@@@@@@@  *************");
        System.out.println("        @@@@@@@@@@@@  ************  @@@@@@@@@@@@  *************  @@@@@@@@@@@@  *************");
        System.out.println("        @@        @@  **        **       @@       **             @@                  **");
        System.out.println("        @@        @@  ************       @@       *************  @@                  **");
        System.out.println("        @@        @@  ************       @@       *************  @@                  **");
        System.out.println("        @@        @@  **        **  @@   @@       **             @@                  **");
        System.out.println("        @@@@@@@@@@@@  ************  @@   @@       *************  @@@@@@@@@@@@        **");
        System.out.println("        @@@@@@@@@@@@  ************    @@@@@       *************  @@@@@@@@@@@@        **");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("############  @@@@@@@@@@@@@  ############  @@@@@@@@@@@  ##         ##  @@@@@@@@@@@@  ############  @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@");     
        System.out.println("############  @@@@@@@@@@@@@  ############  @@@@@@@@@@@  ## ##      ##  @@@@@@@@@@@@  ############  @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ ");
        System.out.println("##        ##  @@         @@       ##       @@           ##  ##     ##       @@       ##              @@         @@");
        System.out.println("##        ##  @@         @@       ##       @@@@@@@@@@@  ##   ##    ##       @@       ############    @@         @@");
        System.out.println("##        ##  @@@@@@@@@@@@@       ##       @@@@@@@@@@@  ##    ##   ##       @@       ############    @@         @@");
        System.out.println("##        ##  @@  @@              ##       @@           ##     ##  ##       @@       ##              @@         @@  ");
        System.out.println("############  @@      @@     ############  @@@@@@@@@@@  ##      ## ##       @@       ############  @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@");
        System.out.println("############  @@         @@  ############  @@@@@@@@@@@  ##       ##         @@       ############  @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("====================================================================================================================================================================================");
        System.out.println("====================================================================================================================================================================================");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("MENU                       menu       MENU menu menu menu    MENU             MENU    MENU           MENU");
        System.out.println("MENU  menu                menu MENU   MENU menu menu menu    MENU menu        MENU    MENU           MENU");
        System.out.println("MENU   menu              menu  MENU   MENU                   MENU  menu       MENU    MENU           MENU");
        System.out.println("MENU    menu            menu   MENU   MENU                   MENU   menu      MENU    MENU           MENU");
        System.out.println("MENU     menu          menu    MENU   MENU menu menu menu    MENU    menu     MENU    MENU           MENU");
        System.out.println("MENU      menu        menu     MENU   MENU menu menu menu    MENU     menu    MENU    MENU           MENU");
        System.out.println("MENU       menu      menu      MENU   MENU                   MENU      menu   MENU    MENU           MENU");
        System.out.println("MENU        menu    menu       MENU   MENU                   MENU       menu  MENU    MENU           MENU");
        System.out.println("MENU         menu  menu        MENU   MENU menu menu menu    MENU        menu MENU    MENU menu menu MENU");
        System.out.println("MENU          menu             MENU   MENU menu menu menu    MENU         menu        MENU menu menu MENU");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("______________________________________________________________________________________________________________");
        System.out.println("______________________________________________________________________________________________________________");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("1. Process oriented programming");
        System.out.println("2. Object oriented programming");
        System.out.println("3. Representing real world in object oriented programming");
        System.out.println("4. Concept of class in object oriented programming");
        System.out.println("5. Concept of object in object oriented programming");
        System.out.println("6. Memory allocation of an object");
        System.out.println("7. accessing member of a class using object");
        System.out.println("8. accessing member variables and member functions of a class in another class");
        System.out.println("9. Controling access to member of a class from another class");
        System.out.println("10. Constructor");
        System.out.println("0. BACK TO MAIN MENU");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("ENTER YOUR CHOICE (0-10)");
    }
    /**
     * Function to display details of process oriented programming
     * meaning
     * examples
     * limitations
     */
    private void process()
    {
        System.out.println("                            PROCESS ORIENTED PROGRAMMING");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("It is a programming aproach in which importance ios given to step by step method of solving a problem.");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("Example:");
        System.out.println("- BASIC");
        System.out.println("- COBOL");
        System.out.println("- FORTAN");
        System.out.println("- PASCAL");
        System.out.println("- C");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("            DRAWBACKS OF PROCESS ORIENTED PROGRAMMING");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("- Data is not given due importance.");
        System.out.println("- Difficult to ensure data security.");
        System.out.println("- Difficult to model real world situation.");
    }
    /**
     * function to display details of object oriented programming
     * meaning
     * examples
     * advantages
     */
    private void object()
    {
        System.out.println("                    OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("It is a programming approach in which importance is given to the objects involved in a system rather then step by step method of solving a problem.");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("                EXAMPLES OF OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("- C++");
        System.out.println("- java");
        System.out.println("- C#");
        System.out.println("- python");
        System.out.println("- ruby");
        System.out.println("- SMALL TALK");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("                ADVANTAGES OF OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("- Data is diven due importance.");
        System.out.println("- It is easier to ensure data security.");
        System.out.println("- It is easier to model real world situation.");
        
    }
    /**
     * function to represent real world object in object oriented programming
     */
    private void represent()
    {
        System.out.println("                REPRESENTING REAL WORLD OBJECT IN AN OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("- If we write a class in an object oriented program to model or represent group of similar object.");
        System.out.println("- Characterstics of real objects are represented by member variables.");
        System.out.println("- The behavior of real world object is represented by member functions.");
    }
    /**
     * function to display concept of class in object oriented programming
     */
    private void concept_class()
    {
        System.out.println("                        CONCTEPT OF CLASS IN OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("- A class is a blue print or a prototype that defines the variables and methods that are common to all the objects of a certain kind."); 
    }
    /**
     * function to display concept of object in object oriented programming
     */
    private void concept_object()
    {
        System.out.println("                    CONCEPT OF OBJECT IN OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("- Class is a user defined datagtype.");
        System.out.println("- Premitive datatypes are not sufficient to reperesent each and every real world object.,");
        System.out.println("- Class with member functions and vartiables represents real world objects.");
        System.out.println("- With the help of member variable we represent characterstics.");
        System.out.println("- With the help of member functions we represent behavior.");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("                    OBJECT DECLARATION");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println(" classname objectname;");
        System.out.println("eg: Rectangle r1;");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("                    OBJECT CREATION");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("Alloting space for object in computer's memory is called object creation.");
        System.out.println("eg: r1= new Rectangle();");
    }
    /**
     * function to display memory allocation
     */
    private void memory()
    {
        System.out.println("                            MEMORY ALLOCATION OF AN OBJECT");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("- Each and every object of a class can rperesent its own values of member variable.");
        System.out.println("- Whenever an object is created, a seperate memory space will be alloted to represent valued of member variables.");
        System.out.println("- The total memory space alloted will be the sum of individual memory requirements of the menmber variables.");
    }
    /**
     * function to display accessing member of a class using object
     */
    private void accessing_member()
    {
        System.out.println("                    ACCESSING MEMBERS OF A CLASS USING AN BOJECT");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("Member variables and member functions can be accessed by an boject by using the dot operator.");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println(" objectname.member_variable   OR    objectname.member_function");
        
    }
    /**
     * function to display accessing member variables of a class in another class
     */
    private void accessing()
    {
        System.out.println("                ACCESSING MEMBER VARIABLES/FUNCTIONS OF A CLASS IN ANOTHER CLASS");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println(" We can not directly access member variables or member functions of a class in another class. We have to create an object of the class in order to access its members in another class.");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("format:");
        System.out.println("objectname.member variable");
        System.out.println("objectname.member function");
    }
    /**
     * function to display controling of members of a class in another class
     */
    private void control()
    {
        System.out.println("                    ACCESSING MEMBERS OF A CLASS IN ANOTHER CLASS");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("- In java access modifiers are used to control the accessing of members of one class in another class.");
        System.out.println("- In java there are 4 different access levels. they are:");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("i. private access level:");
        System.out.println("- It is the most restrective access level in java.");
        System.out.println("- Members of a class with private access levels can be used only within the class.");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("ii. package access levels");
        System.out.println("- It is default access level in java.");
        System.out.println("- If no access level is mentioned then the members becomes package access levels.");
        System.out.println("- members with package access levels can be used in the same class as well as the class in same package.");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("iii. protected access level");
        System.out.println("Work under construction. Sorry for the problem.");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("iv. private access level");
        System.out.println("- It is the least restrictive level in java.");
        System.out.println("- Members of a class of this access level can be accessed in all the classes as well as in all the packages.");
    }
    /**
     * function to display details of constructors
     */
    private void constructor()
    {
        System.out.println("                 CONCTRUCTORS");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("A constructor is a special member function used to initialize an object during object creation.");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("        CHARACTERSTICS OF A FUNCTION:");
        System.out.println("- Constructor name should be same as the class name.");
        System.out.println("- A constructor have no return type.");
        System.out.println("- A constructor is invoked automatically during object creation.");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("                TYPES OF CONSTRUCTOR:");
        System.out.println("i. Default constructor:");
        System.out.println("- A constructor without any parameter is called default or non parameterised constructor.");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("ii. Parameterised constructor:");
        System.out.println("- Constructor with parameters is called parameterised constructor.");
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("NOTE:");
        System.out.println(" If there is only a default constructor in a class then each and every object of class will be based on the initaal value af the same constructor.");
    }
    /**
     * main function
     */
    public void main()
    {
        Scanner sc=new Scanner(System.in);
        int ch;
        do
        {
            menu();
            ch=sc.nextInt();
            switch(ch)
            {
                case 1: System.out.println('\f');
                        process();
                        break;
                case 2: System.out.println('\f');
                        object();
                        break;
                case 3: System.out.println('\f');
                        represent();
                        break;
                case 4: System.out.println('\f');
                        concept_class();
                        break;
                case 5: System.out.println('\f');
                        concept_object();
                        break;
                case 6: System.out.println('\f');
                        memory();
                        break;
                case 7: System.out.println('\f');
                        accessing_member();
                        break;
                case 8: System.out.println('\f');
                        accessing();
                        break;
                case 9: System.out.println('\f');
                        control();
                        break;
                case 10: System.out.println('\f');
                         constructor();
                         break;
                case 0: System.out.println('\f');
                        Main m5=new Main();
                        m5.main_fn();
                        break;
                default:System.out.println('\f');
                        System.out.println("invalid choice");
            }
            if(ch!=0)
            {
                System.out.println();
                System.out.println("Press any key to continue....");
                sc.skip("\n");
                String tmp=sc.nextLine();
            }
        }while(ch!=0);
    }
}