diff --git a/changelog/change_assert_same_check_object_ids.md b/changelog/change_assert_same_check_object_ids.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1af94ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog/change_assert_same_check_object_ids.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* [#276](https://github.com/rubocop/rubocop-minitest/pull/276): Enhance `AssertSame`/`RefuteSame` to check for `object_id` comparison. ([@fatkodima][])
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest/assert_same.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest/assert_same.rb
index da71292..9f7604d 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest/assert_same.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest/assert_same.rb
@@ -12,14 +12,58 @@ module Minitest
       # @example
       #   # bad
       #   assert(expected.equal?(actual))
+      #   assert_equal(expected.object_id, actual.object_id)
       #
       #   # good
       #   assert_same(expected, actual)
       #
       class AssertSame < Base
-        extend MinitestCopRule
+        extend AutoCorrector
 
-        define_rule :assert, target_method: :equal?, preferred_method: :assert_same
+        MSG = 'Prefer using `assert_same(%<new_arguments>s)`.'
+        RESTRICT_ON_SEND = %i[assert assert_equal].freeze
+
+        def_node_matcher :assert_with_equal?, <<~PATTERN
+          (send nil? :assert
+            $(send $_ :equal? $_)
+            $_?)
+        PATTERN
+
+        def_node_matcher :assert_equal_with_object_id?, <<~PATTERN
+          (send nil? :assert_equal
+            (send $_ :object_id)
+            (send $_ :object_id)
+            $_?)
+        PATTERN
+
+        # rubocop:disable Metrics/AbcSize
+        def on_send(node)
+          if (equal_node, expected_node, actual_node, message_node = assert_with_equal?(node))
+            add_offense(node, message: message(expected_node, actual_node, message_node.first)) do |corrector|
+              corrector.replace(node.loc.selector, 'assert_same')
+              corrector.replace(equal_node, "#{expected_node.source}, #{actual_node.source}")
+            end
+          elsif (expected_node, actual_node, message_node = assert_equal_with_object_id?(node))
+            add_offense(node, message: message(expected_node, actual_node, message_node.first)) do |corrector|
+              corrector.replace(node.loc.selector, 'assert_same')
+              remove_method_call(expected_node.parent, corrector)
+              remove_method_call(actual_node.parent, corrector)
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        # rubocop:enable Metrics/AbcSize
+
+        private
+
+        def message(expected_node, actual_node, message_node)
+          arguments = [expected_node, actual_node, message_node].compact.map(&:source).join(', ')
+          format(MSG, new_arguments: arguments)
+        end
+
+        def remove_method_call(send_node, corrector)
+          range = send_node.loc.dot.join(send_node.loc.selector)
+          corrector.remove(range)
+        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest/refute_same.rb b/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest/refute_same.rb
index b7f6b41..7e6ae23 100644
--- a/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest/refute_same.rb
+++ b/lib/rubocop/cop/minitest/refute_same.rb
@@ -12,14 +12,58 @@ module Minitest
       # @example
       #   # bad
       #   refute(expected.equal?(actual))
+      #   refute_equal(expected.object_id, actual.object_id)
       #
       #   # good
       #   refute_same(expected, actual)
       #
       class RefuteSame < Base
-        extend MinitestCopRule
+        extend AutoCorrector
 
-        define_rule :refute, target_method: :equal?, preferred_method: :refute_same
+        MSG = 'Prefer using `refute_same(%<new_arguments>s)`.'
+        RESTRICT_ON_SEND = %i[refute refute_equal].freeze
+
+        def_node_matcher :refute_with_equal?, <<~PATTERN
+          (send nil? :refute
+            $(send $_ :equal? $_)
+            $_?)
+        PATTERN
+
+        def_node_matcher :refute_equal_with_object_id?, <<~PATTERN
+          (send nil? :refute_equal
+            (send $_ :object_id)
+            (send $_ :object_id)
+            $_?)
+        PATTERN
+
+        # rubocop:disable Metrics/AbcSize
+        def on_send(node)
+          if (equal_node, expected_node, actual_node, message_node = refute_with_equal?(node))
+            add_offense(node, message: message(expected_node, actual_node, message_node.first)) do |corrector|
+              corrector.replace(node.loc.selector, 'refute_same')
+              corrector.replace(equal_node, "#{expected_node.source}, #{actual_node.source}")
+            end
+          elsif (expected_node, actual_node, message_node = refute_equal_with_object_id?(node))
+            add_offense(node, message: message(expected_node, actual_node, message_node.first)) do |corrector|
+              corrector.replace(node.loc.selector, 'refute_same')
+              remove_method_call(expected_node.parent, corrector)
+              remove_method_call(actual_node.parent, corrector)
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        # rubocop:enable Metrics/AbcSize
+
+        private
+
+        def message(expected_node, actual_node, message_node)
+          arguments = [expected_node, actual_node, message_node].compact.map(&:source).join(', ')
+          format(MSG, new_arguments: arguments)
+        end
+
+        def remove_method_call(send_node, corrector)
+          range = send_node.loc.dot.join(send_node.loc.selector)
+          corrector.remove(range)
+        end
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/test/rubocop/cop/minitest/assert_same_test.rb b/test/rubocop/cop/minitest/assert_same_test.rb
index a011ee0..3badd56 100644
--- a/test/rubocop/cop/minitest/assert_same_test.rb
+++ b/test/rubocop/cop/minitest/assert_same_test.rb
@@ -85,6 +85,25 @@ def test_do_something
     RUBY
   end
 
+  def test_registers_offense_when_using_assert_equal_with_object_id
+    assert_offense(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          assert_equal(expected.object_id, actual.object_id)
+          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Prefer using `assert_same(expected, actual)`.
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+
+    assert_correction(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          assert_same(expected, actual)
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+  end
+
   def test_does_not_register_offense_when_using_assert_same
     assert_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
       class FooTest < Minitest::Test
diff --git a/test/rubocop/cop/minitest/refute_same_test.rb b/test/rubocop/cop/minitest/refute_same_test.rb
index 7257379..326b31f 100644
--- a/test/rubocop/cop/minitest/refute_same_test.rb
+++ b/test/rubocop/cop/minitest/refute_same_test.rb
@@ -85,6 +85,25 @@ def test_do_something
     RUBY
   end
 
+  def test_registers_offense_when_using_refute_equal_with_object_id
+    assert_offense(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          refute_equal(expected.object_id, actual.object_id)
+          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Prefer using `refute_same(expected, actual)`.
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+
+    assert_correction(<<~RUBY)
+      class FooTest < Minitest::Test
+        def test_do_something
+          refute_same(expected, actual)
+        end
+      end
+    RUBY
+  end
+
   def test_does_not_register_offense_when_using_assert_same
     assert_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
       class FooTest < Minitest::Test