Merge branch 'feature/pycon.jp.20240927'

pycon.jp.20240927/README.md

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+[PyCon JP 2024](https://2024.pycon.jp/)の資料です。
+
+* [セッション](https://2024.pycon.jp/ja/talk/LXVHNY)
+* [発表資料](https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/18mWjo1fSQYHg7UqvmhCHcVaJ25jewUvwptRXcEI3DkI/edit?usp=sharing)
+* [ソースコード等](./src)
+

pycon.jp.20240927/src/README.md

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+```bash
+(venv) $ pip install 'fastapi[standard]==0.114.2' pydantic==2.9.1 sqlalchemy==2.0.34 mypy==1.11.2
+```

pycon.jp.20240927/src/fastapi/app.py

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+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from schemas import CreateItemRequest, Item
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+@app.post("/items")
+async def create_item(
+    data: CreateItemRequest,
+) -> Item:
+    item = {
+        "item_id": 0,  # dummy
+        "name": data.name,
+        "price": data.price,
+        "kind": data.kind,
+    }
+    return Item.model_validate(item)

pycon.jp.20240927/src/fastapi/app2.py

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+from uuid import UUID, uuid4
+
+from fastapi import Depends, FastAPI
+from schemas import CreateItemRequest, Item
+
+
+async def gen_request_id() -> UUID:
+    return uuid4()
+
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+@app.post("/items")
+async def create_item(
+    data: CreateItemRequest,
+    request_id: UUID = Depends(gen_request_id),
+) -> Item:
+    print(f"{request_id=}")
+    item = {
+        "item_id": 0,  # dummy
+        "name": data.name,
+        "price": data.price,
+        "kind": data.kind,
+    }
+    return Item.model_validate(item)

pycon.jp.20240927/src/fastapi/app3.py

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+from fastapi import FastAPI
+
+from di3 import Connection, RequestID
+from schemas import CreateItemRequest, Item
+
+app = FastAPI()
+
+
+@app.post("/items")
+async def create_item(
+    data: CreateItemRequest,
+    request_id: RequestID,
+    conn: Connection,
+) -> Item:
+    print(f"{request_id=}")
+    print(f"{conn.request_id=}")
+    item = {
+        "item_id": 0,  # dummy
+        "name": data.name,
+        "price": data.price,
+        "kind": data.kind,
+    }
+    return Item.model_validate(item)
+
+
+

pycon.jp.20240927/src/fastapi/di3.py

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+from typing import Annotated
+from uuid import UUID, uuid4
+
+from fastapi import Depends
+
+
+def gen_request_id() -> UUID:
+    return uuid4()
+
+
+RequestID = Annotated[UUID, Depends(gen_request_id)]
+
+
+class SomeConnection:
+    def __init__(self, request_id: RequestID) -> None:
+        self.request_id = request_id
+
+
+Connection = Annotated[SomeConnection, Depends(SomeConnection)]

pycon.jp.20240927/src/fastapi/schemas.py

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+from enum import StrEnum
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, PositiveInt
+
+
+class Kind(StrEnum):
+    DRINK = "DRINK"
+    FOOD = "FOOD"
+
+
+class Item(BaseModel):
+    item_id: int
+    name: str
+    price: PositiveInt
+    kind: Kind = Kind.DRINK
+
+
+class CreateItemRequest(BaseModel):
+    name: str
+    price: PositiveInt
+    kind: Kind = Kind.DRINK

pycon.jp.20240927/src/impl/app4.py

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+from di4 import Connection, RequestID
+from light_dpends import resolve
+
+
+@resolve
+def handler(request_id: RequestID, connection: Connection) -> None:
+    print(f"{request_id=}")
+    print(f"{connection.request_id=}")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    handler()

pycon.jp.20240927/src/impl/create_tables.py

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+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase, Mapped, mapped_column
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class Item(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "items"
+    item_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
+    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(index=True, unique=True)
+    price: Mapped[int | None]
+
+
+engine = create_engine("sqlite+pysqlite://", echo=True)
+Base.metadata.create_all(engine)

pycon.jp.20240927/src/impl/di4.py

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+from typing import Annotated
+from uuid import UUID, uuid4
+
+from light_dpends import Depends
+
+
+def gen_request_id() -> UUID:
+    return uuid4()
+
+
+RequestID = Annotated[UUID, Depends(gen_request_id)]
+
+
+class SomeConnection:
+    def __init__(self, request_id: RequestID) -> None:
+        self.request_id = request_id
+
+    def __repr__(self) -> str:
+        return f"<{self.__class__.__name__}(request_id={self.request_id!r})>"
+
+
+Connection = Annotated[SomeConnection, Depends(SomeConnection)]

pycon.jp.20240927/src/impl/light_dpends.py

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+from collections.abc import Callable
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from functools import wraps
+from inspect import signature
+from typing import Annotated, get_args, get_origin
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Depends:
+    dependencies: Callable
+    use_cache: bool = True
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Dependant:
+    call: Callable
+    name: str | None = None
+    dependencies: list["Dependant"] = field(default_factory=list)
+    use_cache: bool = True
+
+
+@dataclass
+class SolvedDependency:
+    values: dict
+
+
+def resolve(f: Callable):
+    dependant = get_dependant(call=f)
+
+    @wraps(f)
+    def inner(*args, **kwargs):
+        solved = solve_dependencies(dependant)
+        v = f(*args, **solved.values | kwargs)
+        return v
+
+    return inner
+
+
+def get_dependant(
+    call: Callable, name: str | None = None, use_cache: bool = True
+) -> Dependant:
+    """CallableをDependantにラップし、Depends()を利用している引数をdependant.dependenciesに格納していく"""
+    dependant = Dependant(call=call, name=name, use_cache=use_cache)
+    sig = signature(call)
+    # 横向きに Depends() が使われている引数を探索
+    for name, param in sig.parameters.items():
+        depends = analyze_param(name, param.annotation, param.default)
+        if depends is not None:
+            # 見つかった場合は縦向きにも Depends() が使われている引数を探索
+            sub_dependant = get_dependant(
+                call=depends.dependencies, name=name, use_cache=depends.use_cache
+            )
+            dependant.dependencies.append(sub_dependant)
+    return dependant
+
+
+def solve_dependencies(
+    dependant: Dependant,
+    dependency_cache: dict | None = None,
+) -> SolvedDependency:
+    """dependant.dependenciesに格納されたDepends()を順番に解決していく"""
+    # 解決済みの結果を格納する辞書。キーは引数名。
+    values: dict = {}
+    dependency_cache = dependency_cache or {}
+    for sub_dependant in dependant.dependencies:
+        call = sub_dependant.call
+        solved_result = solve_dependencies(sub_dependant, dependency_cache)
+        sig = signature(sub_dependant.call)
+        # キャッシュの利用
+        if sub_dependant.use_cache and sub_dependant.call in dependency_cache:
+            solved = dependency_cache[sub_dependant.call]
+        else:
+            solved = call(**solved_result.values)
+
+        if sub_dependant.name is not None:
+            values[sub_dependant.name] = solved
+
+        # キャッシュに格納
+        if sub_dependant.call not in dependency_cache:
+            dependency_cache[sub_dependant.call] = solved
+
+    return SolvedDependency(values=values)
+
+
+def analyze_param(name, annotation, default_value) -> Depends | None:
+    """Dependsが使われているパラメータであればそれを返す"""
+    if get_origin(annotation) is Annotated:
+        # Annotated[T, ...] から Depends() を探索
+        annotated_args = get_args(annotation)
+        depends = [d for d in annotated_args[1:] if isinstance(d, Depends)]
+        if depends:
+            return depends[0]
+
+    if isinstance(default_value, Depends):
+        return default_value
+
+    return None

pycon.jp.20240927/src/intro/tuples_to_dict.py

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+def tuples_to_dict(
+    tuples: list[tuple[str, int]],
+) -> dict[str, int] | None:
+    if not tuples:
+        return None
+    return {t[0]: t[1] for t in tuples}
+
+
+def main():
+    ts = [("ham", 1), ("egg", 2)]
+    # {'ham': 1, 'egg': 2}
+    print(tuples_to_dict(ts))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

pycon.jp.20240927/src/intro/with_types.py

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+def add(lhs: int, rhs: int) -> int:
+    return lhs + rhs
+
+def main() -> None:
+    x, y = 1, "1"
+    print(add(x, x))
+    print(add(y, y))
+    print(add(x, y))
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
+

pycon.jp.20240927/src/intro/without_types.py

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+def add(lhs, rhs):
+    return lhs + rhs
+
+def main():
+    x, y = 1, "1"
+    print(add(x, x))
+    print(add(y, y))
+    print(add(x, y))
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

pycon.jp.20240927/src/pydantic/basis.py

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+from schemas import Item
+
+data = {"item_id": 0, "name": "Coke", "price": 120, "kind": "DRINK"}
+item = Item.model_validate(data)
+print(item)
+
+json_str = '{"item_id": 1, "name": "Green Tea", "price": 140}'
+item = Item.model_validate_json(json_str)
+print(item)

pycon.jp.20240927/src/pydantic/json_schema.py

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+import json
+from schemas import Item
+
+json_schema = Item.model_json_schema()
+print(json.dumps(json_schema, indent=2))

pycon.jp.20240927/src/pydantic/schemas.py

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+from enum import StrEnum
+from pydantic import BaseModel, PositiveInt
+
+
+class Kind(StrEnum):
+    DRINK = "DRINK"
+    FOOD = "FOOD"
+
+
+class Item(BaseModel):
+    item_id: int
+    name: str
+    price: PositiveInt
+    kind: Kind = Kind.DRINK

pycon.jp.20240927/src/pydantic/serialization.py

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+from schemas import Item
+
+data = {"item_id": 0, "name": "Coke", "price": 120}
+item = Item.model_validate(data)
+print(item.model_dump())
+print(item.model_dump_json())

pycon.jp.20240927/src/pydantic/validation.py

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+from schemas import Item
+from pydantic import ValidationError
+
+data = {"item_id": 0, "name": "Coke", "price": -100, "kind": "SNACK"}
+try:
+    Item.model_validate(data)
+except ValidationError as e:
+    print(e)

pycon.jp.20240927/src/sqlalchemy/create_table_sqlite.py

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+from item import Base
+from sqlalchemy import create_engine
+
+engine = create_engine("sqlite+pysqlite://", echo=True)
+Base.metadata.create_all(engine)

pycon.jp.20240927/src/sqlalchemy/item.py

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+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase, Mapped, mapped_column
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+class Item(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "items"
+    item_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True)
+    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(index=True, unique=True)
+    price: Mapped[int | None]