Empty mails are sent after a new submission, encoding problem?

[loadbrain]

Describe the bug
When submitting a new submission an empty E-Mail is sent, page freezes.
An empty E-Mail is sent., but the submission is succesfull.

This does not happen when choosing english as language, but with german.
I also tested it then with french, same problem.

Maybe encoding problem?

Error Log:
`

[Thu Nov 09 10:30:15.263226 2023] [php:warn] [pid 109053] [client 193.197.86.24:51633] PHP Warning: You are sending Einreichung ben\xc3\xb6tigt Redakteur/in in /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/mail/Mailable.php on line 363, referer: http://ojsdev.nomos-journals.de/index.php/mt/submission?id=26

[Thu Nov 09 10:30:16.688805 2023] [php:notice] [pid 109053] [client 193.197.86.24:51633] Slim Application Error:\nType: TypeError\nMessage: get_class(): Argument #1 ($object) must be of type object, null given\nFile: /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/mail/Mailer.php\nLine: 79\nTrace: #0 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/mail/Mailer.php(79): get_class()\n#1 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Mail/Mailer.php(239): PKP\mail\Mailer->renderView()\n#2 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Mail/Mailable.php(281): Illuminate\Mail\Mailer->render()\n#3 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Traits/Localizable.php(19): Illuminate\Mail\Mailable->Illuminate\Mail\{closure}()\n#4 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Mail/Mailable.php(278): Illuminate\Mail\Mailable->withLocale()\n#5 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/log/SubmissionEmailLogDAO.php(89): Illuminate\Mail\Mailable->render()\n#6 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/observers/listeners/AssignEditors.php(121): PKP\log\SubmissionEmailLogDAO->logMailable()\n#7 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Events/Dispatcher.php(441): PKP\observers\listeners\AssignEditors->handle()\n#8 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Events/Dispatcher.php(249): Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher->Illuminate\Events\{closure}()\n#9 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/helpers.php(451): Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher->dispatch()\n#10 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/submission/Repository.php(593): event()\n#11 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/api/v1/submissions/PKPSubmissionHandler.php(717): PKP\submission\Repository->submit()\n#12 [internal function]: PKP\API\v1\submissions\PKPSubmissionHandler->submit()\n#13 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/Handlers/Strategies/RequestResponse.php(40): call_user_func()\n#14 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/Route.php(281): Slim\Handlers\Strategies\RequestResponse->__invoke()\n#15 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(117): Slim\Route->__invoke()\n#16 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/Route.php(268): Slim\Route->callMiddlewareStack()\n#17 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/App.php(503): Slim\Route->run()\n#18 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/security/authorization/internal/ApiAuthorizationMiddleware.php(90): Slim\App->__invoke()\n#19 [internal function]: PKP\security\authorization\internal\ApiAuthorizationMiddleware->__invoke()\n#20 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()\n#21 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()\n#22 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()\n#23 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/security/authorization/internal/ApiCsrfMiddleware.php(56): Slim\App->Slim\{closure}()\n#24 [internal function]: PKP\security\authorization\internal\ApiCsrfMiddleware->__invoke()\n#25 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()\n#26 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()\n#27 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()\n#28 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/security/authorization/internal/ApiTokenDecodingMiddleware.php(140): Slim\App->Slim\{closure}()\n#29 [internal function]: PKP\security\authorization\internal\ApiTokenDecodingMiddleware->__invoke()\n#30 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()\n#31 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()\n#32 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()\n#33 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/handler/APIHandler.php(83): Slim\App->Slim\{closure}()\n#34 [internal function]: PKP\handler\APIHandler->PKP\handler\{closure}()\n#35 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()\n#36 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()\n#37 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()\n#38 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/handler/APIHandler.php(100): Slim\App->Slim\{closure}()\n#39 [internal function]: PKP\handler\APIHandler->PKP\handler\{closure}()\n#40 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()\n#41 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()\n#42 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()\n#43 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/handler/APIHandler.php(105): Slim\App->Slim\{closure}()\n#44 [internal function]: PKP\handler\APIHandler->PKP\handler\{closure}()\n#45 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()\n#46 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()\n#47 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()\n#48 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(117): Slim\App->Slim\{closure}()\n#49 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/App.php(392): Slim\App->callMiddlewareStack()\n#50 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/handler/APIHandler.php(98): Slim\App->process()\n#51 [internal function]: PKP\handler\APIHandler->PKP\handler\{closure}()\n#52 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()\n#53 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()\n#54 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()\n#55 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/handler/APIHandler.php(105): Slim\App->Slim\{closure}()\n#56 [internal function]: PKP\handler\APIHandler->PKP\handler\{closure}()\n#57 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()\n#58 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()\n#59 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()\n#60 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(117): Slim\App->Slim\{closure}()\n#61 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/App.php(392): Slim\App->callMiddlewareStack()\n#62 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/App.php(297): Slim\App->process()\n#63 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/core/APIRouter.php(110): Slim\App->run()\n#64 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/core/Dispatcher.php(165): PKP\core\APIRouter->route()\n#65 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/core/PKPApplication.php(387): PKP\core\Dispatcher->dispatch()\n#66 /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/index.php(21): PKP\core\PKPApplication->execute()\n#67 {main}\nView in rendered output by enabling the "displayErrorDetails" setting.\n, referer: http://ojsdev.nomos-journals.de/index.php/mt/submission?id=26

`

To Reproduce
Steps to reproduce the behavior:

1. Go to 'http://ojsdev.nomos-journals.de/index.php'
2. Create a new submission
3. Finish
4. See error

What application are you using?
OJS, 3.4.0.3

Additional information

[loadbrain]

I tested this now with OJS 3.4.0-1 and 3.4.0-2, same problem...

[loadbrain]

This one:
[Thu Nov 09 10:30:15.263226 2023] [php:warn] [pid 109053] [client 193.197.86.24:51633] PHP Warning: You are sending Einreichung ben\xc3\xb6tigt Redakteur/in in /var/www/ojs.nomos-journals.de/lib/pkp/classes/mail/Mailable.php on line 363, referer: http://ojsdev.nomos-journals.de/index.php/mt/submission?id=26
looks really like en encoding thing to me.

Should be "Einreichung benötigt Redakteur"

[loadbrain]

Added french language, switched to french, same error
Got error 'PHP message: PHP Warning: You are sending ##mailable.submissionNeedsEditor.name## in /var/www/clients/client50/web168/web/ojs3/lib/pkp/classes/mail/Mailable.php on line 363; PHP message: Slim Application Error:\nType: TypeError\nMessage: get_class(): Argument #1 ($object) must be of type object, null given\nFile: /var/www/clients/client50/web168/web/ojs3/lib/pkp/classes/mail/Mailer.php\nLine: 79

[loadbrain]

I find the solution.
When installing OJS you MUST choose english as language.
You can add other languages.
Then everything works fine afterwards.

[Vitaliy-1]

This issue is related to #9444

The problem is in the Laravel's Mailer::render():

public function render($view, array $data = [])
    {
        [$view, $plain, $raw] = $this->parseView($view); // if email's body is empty, these values are returned: ['', null, null]

        $data['message'] = $this->createMessage();

        return $this->renderView($view ?: $plain, $data); // null is passed as a first argument to the `renderView` method 
    }

We override Mailer::renderView(): https://github.com/pkp/pkp-lib/blob/main/classes/mail/Mailer.php#L71

I can reproduce this problem only in the case when mailable's body is logged:

pkp-lib/classes/log/SubmissionEmailLogDAO.php

Line 89 in 0140623

$entry->setBody($clonedMailable->render());

@jonasraoni, can you take a look at this one?

[rinorazzi]

@jonasraoni @Vitaliy-1
Hi guys.
I have the same issue with a fresh new installed OJS 3.4.0-4 version where Italian language is used.
On the final step for sending the submission the confirmation pop-up windows stocks there and never finish the sending

If I close the pop-up by clicking on the exit button, the submission has been saved but the emails to author and Journal Editors has not been sent.

If I change the journal's language to English everything's ok.

@loadbrain : your suggestion of installing OJS in English and add new language later didn't work for me.

To reproduce the behaviour

• installed OJS using english default language
• added second language to the installation: Italian
• setup a journal with Italian as main and unique language
• create a Submission as author and try to send it

---

System Information

Version history

Version Major Minor Revision Build Date installed
3.4.0.4 3 4 0 4 2024-01-18

Server Information

Setting Name Setting Value
OS platform Linux
PHP version 8.1.17
Apache version Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/8.1.17
Database driver mysql
Database server version 10.6.13-MariaDB-log

---

ERROR LOG

[18-Jan-2024 14:43:58 Europe/Rome] PHP Warning: You are sending ##mailable.submissionNeedsEditor.name## in /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/m
ail/Mailable.php on line 365
[18-Jan-2024 14:43:58 Europe/Rome] Connection to "process /usr/sbin/sendmail -bs" has been closed unexpectedly.
[18-Jan-2024 14:43:58 Europe/Rome] Slim Application Error:
Type: TypeError
Message: get_class(): Argument #1 ($object) must be of type object, null given
File: /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/mail/Mailer.php
Line: 79
Trace: #0 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/mail/Mailer.php(79): get_class()
#1 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Mail/Mailer.php(239): PKP\mail\Mailer->renderView()
#2 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Mail/Mailable.php(282): Illuminate\Mail\Mailer->render()
#3 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Support/Traits/Localizable.php(19): Illuminate\Mail\Mailable->Illumina
te\Mail{closure}()
#4 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Mail/Mailable.php(284): Illuminate\Mail\Mailable->withLocale()
#5 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/log/SubmissionEmailLogDAO.php(89): Illuminate\Mail\Mailable->render()
#6 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/observers/listeners/AssignEditors.php(124): PKP\log\SubmissionEmailLogDAO->logMailable()
#7 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Events/Dispatcher.php(441): PKP\observers\listeners\AssignEditors->han
dle()
#8 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Events/Dispatcher.php(249): Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher->Illuminate\E
vents{closure}()
#9 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/helpers.php(451): Illuminate\Events\Dispatcher->dispatch()
#10 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/submission/Repository.php(595): event()
#11 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/api/v1/submissions/PKPSubmissionHandler.php(717): PKP\submission\Repository->submit()
#12 [internal function]: PKP\API\v1\submissions\PKPSubmissionHandler->submit()
#13 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/Handlers/Strategies/RequestResponse.php(40): call_user_func()
#14 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/Route.php(281): Slim\Handlers\Strategies\RequestResponse->__invoke()
#15 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(117): Slim\Route->__invoke()
#16 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/Route.php(268): Slim\Route->callMiddlewareStack()
#17 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/App.php(503): Slim\Route->run()
#18 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/security/authorization/internal/ApiAuthorizationMiddleware.php(90): Slim\App->__invoke()
#19 [internal function]: PKP\security\authorization\internal\ApiAuthorizationMiddleware->__invoke()
#20 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()
#21 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()
#22 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()
#23 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/security/authorization/internal/ApiCsrfMiddleware.php(56): Slim\App->Slim{closure}()
#24 [internal function]: PKP\security\authorization\internal\ApiCsrfMiddleware->__invoke()
#25 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()
#26 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()
#27 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()
#28 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/security/authorization/internal/ApiTokenDecodingMiddleware.php(140): Slim\App->Slim{closure}()
#29 [internal function]: PKP\security\authorization\internal\ApiTokenDecodingMiddleware->__invoke()
#30 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()
#31 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()
#32 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()
#33 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/handler/APIHandler.php(83): Slim\App->Slim{closure}()
#34 [internal function]: PKP\handler\APIHandler->PKP\handler{closure}()
#35 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()
#36 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()
#37 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()
#38 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/handler/APIHandler.php(100): Slim\App->Slim{closure}()
#39 [internal function]: PKP\handler\APIHandler->PKP\handler{closure}()
#40 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()
#41 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()
#42 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()
#43 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/handler/APIHandler.php(105): Slim\App->Slim{closure}()
#44 [internal function]: PKP\handler\APIHandler->PKP\handler{closure}()
#45 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()
#46 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()
#47 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()
#48 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(117): Slim\App->Slim{closure}()
#49 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/App.php(392): Slim\App->callMiddlewareStack()
#50 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/handler/APIHandler.php(98): Slim\App->process()
#51 [internal function]: PKP\handler\APIHandler->PKP\handler{closure}()
#52 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()
#53 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()
#54 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()
#55 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/handler/APIHandler.php(105): Slim\App->Slim{closure}()
#56 [internal function]: PKP\handler\APIHandler->PKP\handler{closure}()
#57 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/DeferredCallable.php(57): call_user_func_array()
#58 [internal function]: Slim\DeferredCallable->__invoke()
#59 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(70): call_user_func()
#60 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/MiddlewareAwareTrait.php(117): Slim\App->Slim{closure}()
#61 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/App.php(392): Slim\App->callMiddlewareStack()
#62 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/lib/vendor/slim/slim/Slim/App.php(297): Slim\App->process()
#63 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/core/APIRouter.php(110): Slim\App->run()
#64 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/core/Dispatcher.php(165): PKP\core\APIRouter->route()
#65 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/lib/pkp/classes/core/PKPApplication.php(388): PKP\core\Dispatcher->dispatch()
#66 /var/www/vhosts/ojs3-4-0-test-rino.archicoop.local/index.php(21): PKP\core\PKPApplication->execute()
#67 {main}
View in rendered output by enabling the "displayErrorDetails" setting.

[rinorazzi]

Updates on my previous post:
I've been able to solve the issue by editing the DB table "email_templates_default_data" and putting content in the empty fields "subject", "name" and "body" whose "locale" field had "it" (Italian) value.

[loadbrain]

Yes, that is really a mess...
In german too, there were a lot of empty subject and body fields in this table. Was a lot of work to fill all...🙄

[efcjunior]

This issue is related to #9444

The problem is in the Laravel's Mailer::render():

public function render($view, array $data = [])
    {
        [$view, $plain, $raw] = $this->parseView($view); // if email's body is empty, these values are returned: ['', null, null]

        $data['message'] = $this->createMessage();

        return $this->renderView($view ?: $plain, $data); // null is passed as a first argument to the `renderView` method 
    }

We override Mailer::renderView(): https://github.com/pkp/pkp-lib/blob/main/classes/mail/Mailer.php#L71

I can reproduce this problem only in the case when mailable's body is logged:

pkp-lib/classes/log/SubmissionEmailLogDAO.php

Line 89 in 0140623

$entry->setBody($clonedMailable->render());

@jonasraoni, can you take a look at this one?

Could you share your change?