[posix] add POSIX CLI daemon module

[yangsong-cnyn]

This PR introduces the CLI daemon module for OTBR on POSIX in NCP mode. This initial implementation focuses on setting up the module and establishing the listen socket. Further CLI functionalities and integration with NcpHost will be implemented in subsequent PRs.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 72.72727% with 12 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 43.60%. Comparing base (2b41187) to head (7d37ab8).
Report is 958 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/host/posix/cli_daemon.cpp	72.41%	8 Missing ⚠️
tests/gtest/test_cli_daemon.cpp	73.33%	4 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #2676       +/-   ##
===========================================
- Coverage   55.77%   43.60%   -12.17%     
===========================================
  Files          87      110       +23     
  Lines        6890    13387     +6497     
  Branches        0      952      +952     
===========================================
+ Hits         3843     5838     +1995     
- Misses       3047     7242     +4195     
- Partials        0      307      +307     

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[Irving-cl]

Thanks for the quick implementation 👍

I have a few comments.

[Irving-cl]

LGTM 👍

Thanks for breaking it into small ones.

[superwhd]

LGTM overall