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            <article>
                <h2><a href="http://www.lyh.me/scala-data-pipelines-spotify.html">Scala Data Pipelines @&nbsp;Spotify</a></h2>
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        <i class="fa fa-calendar"></i><time datetime="2015-11-10T11:26:00-05:00"> Tue 10 November 2015</time>
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                <div class="summary"><p>It&#8217;s been a while since I last updated this blog. I did a talk at <a href="http://bigdatascala.bythebay.io/">Big Data Scala</a> this summer and here are the <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/sinisalyh/scala-data-pipelines-spotify">slides</a></p>
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<p><div style="margin-bottom:5px"> <strong> <a href="//www.slideshare.net/sinisalyh/scala-data-pipelines-spotify" title="Scala Data Pipelines @ Spotify" target="_blank">Scala Data Pipelines @ Spotify</a> </strong> from <strong><a href="//www.slideshare.net/sinisalyh" target="_blank">Neville Li</a></strong> </div></p>
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                <h2><a href="http://www.lyh.me/primitives.html">Primitives</a></h2>
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        <i class="fa fa-calendar"></i><time datetime="2015-05-14T08:50:00-04:00"> Thu 14 May 2015</time>
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                <div class="summary"><p>Another day, another talk. This one is on primitives and here are the <a href="/slides/primitives.html">slides</a></p>
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                <h2><a href="http://www.lyh.me/type-classes.html">Type&nbsp;Classes</a></h2>
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        <i class="fa fa-calendar"></i><time datetime="2015-04-20T15:39:00-04:00"> Mon 20 April 2015</time>
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                <div class="summary"><p>I started giving more Scala talks internally at <a href="http://www.spotify.com/">Spotify</a>. The first one is on type classes and here are the <a href="/slides/type-classes.html">slides</a></p>
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                <h2><a href="http://www.lyh.me/nescala-2015-talk.html">NEScala 2015&nbsp;talk</a></h2>
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        <i class="fa fa-calendar"></i><time datetime="2015-02-04T11:02:00-05:00"> Wed 04 February 2015</time>
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                <div class="summary"><p>I gave a lightning talk at <a href="http://www.nescala.org/">Northeast Scala Symposium</a> last week on Macros in Datapipelines and here are the <a href="/slides/macros.html">slides</a>.</p>
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                <h2><a href="http://www.lyh.me/fun-with-macros-and-parquet-avro.html">Fun with macros and&nbsp;parquet-avro</a></h2>
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        <i class="fa fa-calendar"></i><time datetime="2015-01-08T14:01:00-05:00"> Thu 08 January 2015</time>
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                <div class="summary"><p>I recently had some fun building <a href="https://github.com/nevillelyh/parquet-avro-extra">parquet-avro-extra</a>, an add-on module for <a href="https://github.com/Parquet/parquet-mr/tree/master/parquet-avro">parquet-avro</a> using <a href="http://scalamacros.org/">Scala macros</a>. I did it mainly to learn Scala macros but also to make it easier to use <a href="http://parquet.incubator.apache.org/">Parquet</a> with <a href="http://avro.apache.org/">Avro</a> in a data&nbsp;pipeline.</p>
<h2>Parquet and&nbsp;Avro</h2>
<p>Parquet is a columnar storage system designed for <span class="caps">HDFS</span>. It offers some nice improvements over row-major systems including better compression and less I/O with column projection and predicate pushdown. Avro is a data serialization system that enables type-safe access to structured data with complex schema. The <code>parquet-avro</code> module makes it possible to store data in Parquet format on disk and process them as Avro objects inside a <span class="caps">JVM</span> data pipeline like <a href="https://github.com/twitter/scalding">Scalding</a> or <a href="http://spark.apache.org/">Spark</a>.</p>
<h2>Projection</h2>
<p>Parquet allows reading only a subset of columns via projection. Here&#8217;s an Scalding <a href="https://github.com/epishkin/scalding/tree/parquet_avro/scalding-parquet">example</a> from <a href="http://www.tapad.com/">Tapad</a>.</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nc">Projection</span><span class="o">[</span><span class="kt">Signal</span><span class="o">](</span><span class="s">&quot;field1&quot;</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="s">&quot;field2.field2a&quot;</span><span class="o">)</span>
</pre></div>


<p>Note that fields specifications are strings even though the <span class="caps">API</span> has access to Avro type <code>Signal</code> which has strongly typed getter&nbsp;methods.</p>
<p>This is slightly counter-intuitive since most Scala developers are used to transformations like <code>pipe.map(_.getField)</code>. It&#8217;s however can be easily solved with macro since the syntax tree of is accessible. A modified version has signature of …</p>
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                <h2><a href="http://www.lyh.me/three-reasons-a-data-engineer-should-learn-scala.html">Three Reasons a Data Engineer Should Learn&nbsp;Scala</a></h2>
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        <i class="fa fa-calendar"></i><time datetime="2014-11-17T23:15:00-05:00"> Mon 17 November 2014</time>
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                <div class="summary"><p><em>This article was written in collaboration with <a href="https://www.hakkalabs.co">Hakka Labs</a> (<a href="https://www.hakkalabs.co/articles/three-reasons-data-eng-learn-scala">original link</a>)</em></p>
<p>There has been a lot of debate over Scala lately, including criticisms like <a href="http://java.dzone.com/articles/i-dont-scala">this</a>, <a href="http://overwatering.org/blog/2013/12/scala-1-star-would-not-program-again/">this</a>, <a href="http://www.infoq.com/news/2011/11/yammer-scala">this</a>, and defenses like <a href="http://blog.gridgainsystems.com/in-defense-of-scala-response-to-i-dont-like-scala/">this</a> and <a href="http://blog.gridgainsystems.com/in-defense-of-scala-part-2/">this</a>. Most of the criticisms seem to focus on the language&#8217;s complexity, performance, and integration with existing tools and libraries, while some praise its elegant syntax, powerful type system, and good fit for domain-specific&nbsp;languages.</p>
<p>However most of the discussions seem based on experiences building production backend or web systems where there are a lot of other options already. There are mature, battle tested options like Java, Erlang or even <span class="caps">PHP</span>, and there are Go, node.js, or Python for those who are more adventurous or prefer agility over&nbsp;performance.</p>
<p>Here I want to argue that there&#8217;s a best tool for every job, and Scala shines for data processing and machine learning, for the following&nbsp;reasons:</p>
<ul>
<li>good balance between productivity and&nbsp;performance</li>
<li>integration with big data&nbsp;ecosystem</li>
<li>functional&nbsp;paradigm</li>
</ul>
<h2>Productivity without sacrificing&nbsp;performance</h2>
<p>In the big data <span class="amp">&amp;</span> machine learning world where most developers are from Python/R/Matlab background, Scala&#8217;s syntax, or the subset needed for the domain, is a lot less intimidating than that …</p>
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                <h2><a href="http://www.lyh.me/scala-workshop.html">Scala&nbsp;Workshop</a></h2>
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        <i class="fa fa-calendar"></i><time datetime="2014-10-04T21:52:00-04:00"> Sat 04 October 2014</time>
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                <div class="summary"><p>While there are many Scala tutorials and books available, very few of them focus on big data. I did a couple of workshops at Spotify focusing on these areas and here are the <a href="/slides/workshop.html">slides</a>.</p>
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                <h2><a href="http://www.lyh.me/using-cql-with-legacy-column-families.html">Using <span class="caps">CQL</span> with legacy column&nbsp;families</a></h2>
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        <i class="fa fa-calendar"></i><time datetime="2014-09-13T20:47:00-04:00"> Sat 13 September 2014</time>
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                <div class="summary"><p>We use <a href="http://cassandra.apache.org/">Cassandra</a> extensively <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/JimmyMrdell/playlists-at-spotify-cassandra-summit-london-2013?related=1">at work</a>, and up till recently we&#8217;ve been using mostly Cassandra 1.2 with <a href="https://github.com/Netflix/astyanax">Astyanax</a> and <a href="https://thrift.apache.org/">Thrift</a> protocol in Java applications. Very recently we started adopting Cassandra 2.0 with <span class="caps">CQL</span>, <a href="https://github.com/datastax/java-driver">DataStax Java Driver</a> and binary&nbsp;protocol.</p>
<p>While one should move to <span class="caps">CQL</span> schema to take full advantage of the new protocol and storage engine, it&#8217;s still possible to use <span class="caps">CQL</span> and the new driver on existing clusters. Say we have a legacy column family with <code>UTF8Type</code> for row/column keys and <code>BytesType</code> for values, it would look like this in <code>cassandra-cli</code>:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">create</span> <span class="k">column</span> <span class="n">family</span> <span class="k">data</span>
  <span class="k">with</span> <span class="n">column_type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;Standard&#39;</span>
  <span class="k">and</span> <span class="n">comparator</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;UTF8Type&#39;</span>
  <span class="k">and</span> <span class="n">default_validation_class</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;BytesType&#39;</span>
  <span class="k">and</span> <span class="n">key_validation_class</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;UTF8Type&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>


<p>And this in <code>cqlsh</code> after setting <code>start_native_transport: true</code> in <code>cassandra.yaml</code>:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">CREATE</span> <span class="k">TABLE</span> <span class="k">data</span> <span class="p">(</span>
  <span class="k">key</span> <span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span>
  <span class="n">column1</span> <span class="nb">text</span><span class="p">,</span>
  <span class="n">value</span> <span class="nb">blob</span><span class="p">,</span>
  <span class="k">PRIMARY</span> <span class="k">KEY</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="k">key</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">column1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">WITH</span> <span class="n">COMPACT</span> <span class="k">STORAGE</span><span class="p">;</span>
</pre></div>


<p>In this table, <code>key</code> and <code>column1</code> corresponds to row and column keys in the legacy column family and <code>value</code> corresponds to column&nbsp;value.</p>
<p>Queries to look up a column value, an entire row, and selected columns in a row would look like&nbsp;this:</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">value</span> <span class="k">FROM</span> <span class="n">mykeyspace</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="k">data</span> <span class="k">WHERE</span> <span class="k">key</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;rowkey&#39;</span> <span class="k">AND</span> <span class="n">column1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s1">&#39;colkey&#39;</span><span class="p">;</span>
<span class="k">SELECT</span> <span class="n">column1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">value</span> <span class="k">FROM</span> <span class="n">mykeyspace …</span></pre></div>
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                <h2><a href="http://www.lyh.me/dotfiles-update.html">dotfiles&nbsp;update</a></h2>
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        <i class="fa fa-calendar"></i><time datetime="2014-08-21T22:14:00-04:00"> Thu 21 August 2014</time>
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                <div class="summary"><p>I&#8217;ve been using my current <a href="http://www.lyh.me/dotfiles.html">dotfiles</a> setup for a while and felt it&#8217;s time to freshen up. I focused on updating the look and feel of Vim and tmux this&nbsp;round.</p>
<p>First I switched to <a href="https://github.com/tomasr/molokai">molokai</a> color theme for Vim, <a href="http://macromates.com/">TextMate</a> (monokai) and <a href="http://www.jetbrains.com/idea/">IntelliJ <span class="caps">IDEA</span></a> (using <a href="https://github.com/y3sh/Intellij-Colors-Sublime-Monokai">this</a>). I guess I grew tired of the old trusted <a href="http://ethanschoonover.com/solarized">solarized</a>, plus with my new MacBook Pro 13&#8221; at highest resolution, it just doesn&#8217;t feel sharp&nbsp;enough.</p>
<p>The <a href="https://github.com/Lokaltog/vim-powerline">vim-powerline</a> plugin I was using is being deprecated and replaced by <a href="https://github.com/Lokaltog/powerline">powerline</a>, which supports vim, tmux, zsh, and many others. However it requires Python and I had trouble using it with some really old Vim versions at work. So instead I switched to a pure VimL plugin, <a href="https://github.com/bling/vim-airline">vim-airline</a>. Not surprisingly there&#8217;s a companion plugin, <a href="https://github.com/edkolev/tmuxline.vim">tmuxline</a> for tmux as well. Both have no extra dependencies which is a big plus for me since I use the same dotfiles on Mac, my Ubuntu Trusty destop at work, and many Debian Squeeze&nbsp;servers.</p>
<p>I also updated a couple of other Vim plugins along the process, replacing <a href="https://github.com/garbas/vim-snipmate">vim-snipmate</a> with <a href="https://github.com/SirVer/ultisnips">ultisnips</a>, <a href="https://github.com/bitc/vim-bad-whitespace">vim-bad-whitespace</a> with <a href="https://github.com/ntpeters/vim-better-whitespace">vim-better-whitespace</a> (no pun intended), and adding <a href="https://github.com/airblade/vim-gitgutter">vim-gutter</a>. The biggest discovery is <a href="https://github.com/Lokaltog/vim-easymotion">vim-easymotion</a> though, perfect …</p>
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                <h2><a href="http://www.lyh.me/on-being-a-polyglot.html">On being a&nbsp;polyglot</a></h2>
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        <i class="fa fa-calendar"></i><time datetime="2014-08-21T21:26:00-04:00"> Thu 21 August 2014</time>
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                <div class="summary"><p>I&#8217;m kind of known as a polyglot among coworkers. We would often argue that instead of hiring great Java/Python/C++ developers, we should rather strive to hire great engineers with strong <span class="caps">CS</span> fundamentals who can pick up any language easily. I came from scientific computing background, doing mostly C/C++/Python many years ago. Over the course of the last three years at my current job I coded seven languages professionally, some out of interest and some necessity. I enjoyed the experience learning all these different things and want to share my experience here, what I learned from each one of them and how it helps me becoming a better&nbsp;engineer.</p>
<h2>C</h2>
<p>The first language I used seriously, apart from <span class="caps">LOGO</span> <span class="amp">&amp;</span> <span class="caps">BASIC</span> when I was a kid of course. It&#8217;s probably the closest thing one can get to the operating system and bare metal without dropping down to assembly (while you still can in C). It&#8217;s a simple language whose syntax served as the basis of many successors like C++ <span class="amp">&amp;</span> Java. It doesn&#8217;t offer any fancy features like <span class="caps">OOP</span> or namespaces, but rather depends on the developer&#8217;s skill for organizing large code base (think …</p>
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