vim.md

Vim cheatsheet

Made by Max Modesto Wallin

Getting help

• : (ex command)
  • :h :r
• none (normal)
  • :h r
• v_ (visual)
  • :h v_r
• i_ (insert mode)
  • :h i_CTRL-W
• c_ (ex command line)
  • :h c_CTRL-R

Navigation

Vertical navigation

• <C-E>
  • Scroll window down
• <C-Y>
  • Scroll window up
• <C-F>
  • Scroll one page down
• <C-B>
  • Scroll one page up
• H
  • Put cursor in window top
• M
  • Put cursor in window middle
• L
  • Put cursor in window bottom
• gg
  • Put cursor in file top
• G
  • Put cursor in file bottom

Horizontal navigation

Word

• w
  • Word forward start
• e
  • Word forward end
• b
  • Word backward start
• ge
  • Word backward end

Finding

• f
  • Find forward
• F
  • Find backward
• t
  • Until forward
• T
  • Until backward

Motions

• a
  • All (including motion's surroundings)
• i
  • In (inside motion)

Special

• g { movement }
  • Navigates wrapped text
• <C-i>
  • Traverses through the jumplist (next)
• <C-o>
  • Traverses through the jumplist (previous)
• <C-t>
  • Jump to count older entry in the tag stack
• v
  • v toggles inclusiveness.
  • Example "Hello World" when being at the end of the line
    • dT<Space> would result in "Hello d"
    • dvT<Space> would result in "Hello "
    • This works because T is exclusive, see :h t

Insertion and delete

Insert

• I
  • Put cursor in beginning of line and enter insert mode
• A
  • Put cursor in end of line and enter insert mode

Delete

• D
  • Delete until end of line
• C
  • Delete until end of line and enter insert mode

Insert mode commands

• <C-O>
  • Leaves input mode for one command
• <C-P>
  • Opens completion menu
• <C-a>
  • Insert from . register (dot register)
• <C-r>
  • Insert from register, example <C-r>h to insert from register h
• <C-O>
  • Leaves input mode for one command

Ex mode completion

• <e>
  • Close popup
• <C-x><C-n>
  • Current file (next)
• <C-x><C-p>
  • Current file (previous)
• <C-x><C-f>
  • Filename
• <C-x><C-n>
  • Completion of anything specified by context, set with complete
  • Explanation:
    • . (this file)
    • w (other windows)
    • b (other buffers)
    • u (unloaded other buffers)
    • t (tags file)
    • t (included files, such as imports and language specifics)
• <C-x><C-l>
  • Line (context aware)
• <C-x><C-]>
  • Tag

Manipulating text

• ~
  • Toggle case of the character under the cursor
• g~~
  • Toggle case of whole line
• g~{motion}
  • Toggle case of the motion
• gU{motion}
  • Change the motion to uppercase
• gUU
  • Change the current line to uppercase
• gu{motion}
  • Change the motion to lowercase
• guu
  • Change the current line to lowercase

Find and replace

In file

• Find
  • Type \ for forward search or ? for backward search
    • Prepend search pattern with \v for case insensitive search
• Replace
  • Using sed, %s/pattern/replace/g
    • % can be exchanged for any range
    • The g means global, continue search for whole lines

In project

• Find file
  • Use find command with regex expression and tab through the results, :find *expression<TAB>
• Find inside files
  • Using grep command
    • Examples:
      • :grep -Fr '.ad' */.css
        • Finds class ad in css files
        • -F to pass literal string, else it'd be interpreted as regex
        • -r for recursive search
      • :grep -ERi '\=\=\= [a-z]{4}\s' */.js
        • Finds === true
        • -i for case insensitive search
      • :grep -r --exclude-dir=node_modules 'some pattern' /path/to/search
        • Finds some pattern in /path/to/search, excluding the dir node_modules
  • Traversing the results
    • :cnext or ö-q and :cprev or ä-q to traverse forward/backward
    • :copen and :cclose are used to open/close the quickfix list
• Replace inside files (refactor)
  • Use Ack to grep inside project and populate the results in the quickfix list
  • Use :cdo to execute a command on the entries in the quickfix list
  • update is like write, but only updates the buffer that's modified'
  • Example:
    • :Ack foo
    • :cdo s/foo/bar/g | update

Macros

Execution

• @a
  • Executes macro a on current line
• :5,10norm!@a
  • Executes macro a on lines 5-10@
• :g/pattern/norm!@a
  • Executes macro a on matching pattern
• :%norm!@a
  • Executes macro a on whole file

Plugin related

vim-commentary

• gcc
  • Comment/uncomment line
• gc{motion}
  • Comment/uncomment motion

vim-surround

If the opening mark is used, whitespace is added

• ds"
  • Delete surrounding "
• cs])
  • Change surrounding ] to )
• cs]<q>
  • Change surrounding ] to )
• ysw(
  • Add ( around word and add white space
• yss)
  • Wraps the whole line with (

vim-unimpaired

• {count}ö<space>
  • Prepend with {count} line(s)
• {count}ä<space>
  • Append with {count} line(s)
• {count}öe
  • Move line up {count} line(s)
• {count}äe
  • Move line down {count} line(s)

emmet

• <C-y>,
  • Expands emmet before the cursor, for example html:5_ (_ is the cursor position)