Arduino_programming.md

Arduino Prgramming

Arduino programming involves writing code using the Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) to control and interact with hardware components. The language used is based on C/C++ with additional Arduino-specific functions and libraries to simplify hardware interaction.

Its file extension is .ino

Key Concepts:

• Sketch: An Arduino program is called a sketch. It typically consists of two main functions:
  • setup(): Runs once when the board is powered on or reset, used to initialize settings such as pin modes (input/output).
  • loop(): Repeats continuously after setup() and contains the logic that controls the board's actions.

Example Structure:

void setup() {
  pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT); // Set built-in LED pin as output
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);  // Turn the LED on
  delay(1000);                      // Wait for 1 second
  digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);   // Turn the LED off
  delay(1000);                      // Wait for 1 second
}

Features:

• Pin Control: Easily interact with digital and analog pins using functions like digitalWrite(), analogRead(), and analogWrite().
• Libraries: Pre-built libraries for controlling sensors, motors, displays, and communication protocols like I2C, SPI, and UART.
• Serial Communication: Use Serial.begin() to communicate with the computer, useful for debugging and sending/receiving data.

It is case sensitive.