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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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<title>Isaac Kauvar</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./style4_2.css" />
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<div id="me">
<div><a href="images/ik_portrait_square.png"/><img id="pic" src="images/profile.jpg"/></a></div>
<div id="name"><b>Isaac V Kauvar</b> </div>
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<br><h3> > about </h3><br>
<p>
Hello! I am an <a href="https://lsrf.org/">LSRF</a> Postdoctoral Fellow at Stanford University, working with <a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=euNCoVYAAAAJ&hl=en">Nick Haber</a> in the <a href="https://www.autonomousagents.stanford.edu/">Stanford Autonomous Agents Lab</a> at the intersection of artificial intelligence and neuroscience.
Broadly, I am interested in how networks of neurons yield intelligence and behavior, and how we can apply this knowledge for the betterment of the world. In practice, I study the links between neural network dynamics and behaviors such as exploration, self-protection, and goal-directed decision making. The sources of data I work with include multiregion cellular recording in mice, intracranial EEG in humans, and AI systems (e.g. model-based deep reinforcement learning agents). For more detail on one of my current projects, in which I am building bridges between AI and animal physiology to improve AI exploration and elucidate the neural basis of curiosity, see <a href="https://neuroscience.stanford.edu/research/funded-research/dissecting-curious-exploration-self-supervised-machine-learning"> here</a>, <a href="https://hai.stanford.edu/news/ai-agents-self-reflect-perform-better-changing-environments">here</a>, and <a href="https://openreview.net/pdf?id=WX0vdLEG0q">here</a>.
<br>
<p>
I earned my PhD at Stanford University, studying neuroscience with <a href="https://web.stanford.edu/group/dlab/about_pi.html">Karl Deisseroth</a> and <a href="http://web.stanford.edu/~gordonwz/"> Gordon Wetzstein</a>, and supported by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship.
There, I developed tools for recording and analyzing <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2020.04.023">cortex-wide neuronal activity</a> and discovered a <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2731-9"> neural oscillation</a>—surprisingly localized to one cortical region—that appears to underlie dissociative effects of drugs such as ketamine.
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<div class="blurb">
<br><h3> > publications </h3><br>
<table cellpadding=9>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/neurips24.pdf>
<img src=thumbnails/reafferent.png></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>Policy-shaped prediction: avoiding distractions in model-based RL. </b> <br>
Hutson M, <u> Kauvar I</u>, Haber N. <br> <i>NeurIPS</i>
(2024).
<br>[<a href="pubs/neurips24.pdf">PDF</a>]
<br>
Summary: Applies gradient-based interpretability to improve the robustness of model-based RL agents against distractions.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/icml23.pdf>
<img src=thumbnails/curiousreplay.png></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>Curious Replay for Model-based Adaptation. </b> <br>
<u> Kauvar I</u>* , Doyle CR*, Zhou L, Haber N. * = equal contribution<br> <i>ICML</i>
(2023).
<br>[<a href="pubs/icml23.pdf">PDF</a>][<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.15934">arxiv</a>][<a href="https://sites.google.com/view/curious-replay">Website</a>][<a href="https://github.com/AutonomousAgentsLab/curiousreplay">Code</a>][<a href="https://hai.stanford.edu/news/ai-agents-self-reflect-perform-better-changing-environments">Article</a>]<a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36622959">Hacker News</a>]
<br>
Summary: Inspired by animal behavior, a method that improves model-based RL adaptivity and achieves a new state-of-the-art score on Crafter.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/neurips22.pdf>
<img src=thumbnails/imma.png></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>Interaction modeling with multiplex attention. </b> <br>
Sun FY, <u> Kauvar I</u> , Zhang R, Li J, Kochenderfer M, Wu J, Haber N.<br> <i>NeurIPS</i>
(2022).
<br>[<a href="pubs/neurips22.pdf">PDF</a>][<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.10660">link</a>]
<br>
Summary: A method for modeling the dynamics of multi-agent systems, and achieving state-of-the-art trajectory forecasting and relation inference.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/nrn22.pdf>
<img src=thumbnails/multiregion.png></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>Multiregion neuronal activity: the forest and the trees. </b> <br>
Machado TA*, <u> Kauvar I*</u> , Deisseroth K. * = equal contribution<br> <i>Nature Reviews Neuroscience</i> (2022). (cover article)
<br>[<a href="pubs/nrn22.pdf">PDF</a>][<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41583-022-00634-0">link</a>]
<br>
Summary: A survey of tools for recording and analyzing brainwide neuronal activity, and insights from seeing a simultaneously broad and detailed view.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/nature20.pdf>
<img src=thumbnails/dissoc.png></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>Deep posteromedial cortical rhythm in dissociation. </b> <br>
Vesuna S*, <u>Kauvar I*</u>, Richman E, Gore F, Oskotsky T, Sava-Segal C, Luo L, Malenka RC, Henderson JM, Nuyujukian P, Parvizi J, Deisseroth K. * = equal contribution<br> <i>Nature</i>
(2020).
<br>[<a href="pubs/nature20.pdf">PDF</a>][<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2731-9">link</a>][<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02505-z">News&Views</a>][<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41583-020-00394-9">Research Highlight</a>][<a href="https://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2020/09/researchers-pinpoint-brain-circuitry-underlying-dissociation.html">Stanford press</a>][<a href="https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/09/16/913565163/scientists-discover-way-to-induce-altered-state-of-mind-without-drugs">NPR radio segment</a>][<a href="https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=24499958">HackerNews</a>][<a href="https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/scientists-mice-lights-ketamine-drugs-human-dissociation-b482588.html">The Independent</a>][<a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@the.brein/video/6873212004237167877?lang=en&sender_device=pc&sender_web_id=6882778495396382214&is_from_webapp=1">TikTok</a>][<a href="https://knowingneurons.com/2021/01/17/the-rhythm-of-detachment-how-a-brain-oscillation-dissociates-people-from-themselves-and-the-world/">Knowing Neurons</a>]
<br>
Summary: Brainwide recording reveals surprisingly localized rhythmic activity linked to ketamine and dissociation in mice and humans.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/neuron20.pdf>
<img src=thumbnails/cosmos.jpeg></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>Cortical observation by
synchronous multifocal optical sampling reveals widespread
population encoding of actions. </b> <br>
<u>Kauvar I*</u>, Machado T*, Yuen E, Kochalka J, Choi M, Allen WE,
Wetzstein G, Deisseroth K. * = equal contribution<br> <i>Neuron</i>
(2020).
<br>[<a href="https://sites.google.com/view/getcosmos">site: use COSMOS!</a>][<a href="pubs/neuron20.pdf">PDF</a>][<a href="/pubs/neuron20supp.pdf">supplement</a>][<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2020.04.023">link</a>][<a href="https://news.stanford.edu/2020/06/02/new-optical-system-shows-decisions-light-brain/">press</a>]
<br>
Summary: A new technique (COSMOS) for recording fast cortex-wide neuronal activity reveals multiregion encoding of current and future actions.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/nanoletters19.pdf>
<img src="thumbnails/metasurface.png"/></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>A light-field metasurface for high-resolution single-particle
tracking. </b><br>Holsteen A*, Lin D*, <u>Kauvar I</u>, Wetzstein G, Brongersma M. * = equal contribution<br> <i>Nano Letters</i> (2019). [<a href="pubs/nanoletters19.pdf">PDF</a>][<a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04673">link</a>]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/cell17.pdf>
<img src="thumbnails/arousal.png"/></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b> Ancestral circuits for the coordinated modulation
of brain state. </b><br>
Lovett-Barron M, Andalman AS, Allen WE, Vesuna S, <u>Kauvar I</u>, Burns VM,
Deisseroth K.<br> <i>Cell</i>
(2017). [<a href="pubs/cell17.pdf">PDF</a>]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/sciadv17.pdf>
<img src="thumbnails/autism.png"/></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>Modulation of prefrontal cortex excitation/inhibition balance
rescues social behavior in CNTNAP2-deficient mice. </b> <br>
Selimbeyoglu A, Kim CK, Inoue M, Lee SY, Hong ASO, <u>Kauvar I</u>,
Ramakrishnan C, Fenno LE, Davidson TJ, Wright M, Deisseroth
K. <br> <i>Science
Trans. Med.</i> (2017). [<a href="pubs/sciadv17.pdf">PDF</a>]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/neuron17.pdf>
<img src="thumbnails/global_representations.png"/></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b> Global representations of goal-directed behavior in distinct
cell types of mouse neocortex. </b> <br>
Allen WE*, <u>Kauvar I</u>*, Chen MZ, Richman E,
Yang SJ, Chan K, Gradinaru V, Deverman BE, Luo L, Deisseroth
K. <br> <i>Neuron</i>
(2017). * = equal contribution [<a href="http://www.cell.com/neuron/fulltext/S0896-6273(17)30343-4">link</a>][<a
href="pubs/neuron17.pdf">PDF</a>][<a href="http://www.nextbigfuture.com/2017/05/decoding-of-neural-activity-using-new-optical-imaging-and-analysis-techniques.html">press</a>]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/iccp17.pdf>
<img src="thumbnails/alf.png"/></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b> Aperture interference and
the volumetric resolution of light field fluorescence
microscopy. </b> <br>
<u>Kauvar I</u>, Chang J, Wetzstein G. <br><i> IEEE Intl. Conf. on
Comp. Photog. (ICCP)</i> (2017). [<a href="http://www.computationalimaging.org/publications/aperture-interference-light-field-fluorescence-microscopy-iccp-2017/">site</a>][<a href="pubs/iccp17.pdf">PDF</a>][<a href="pubs/iccp17_supp.pdf">supplement</a>]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/cvpr16.pdf>
<img src="thumbnails/wpsf.png"/></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b> Variable
Aperture Light Field Photography: Overcoming the Diffraction-limited
Spatio-angular Resolution Tradeoff. </b><br>
Chang J, <u>Kauvar I</u>, Hu X, Wetzstein G. <br><i>IEEE CVPR</i>
(2016). [<a href="http://www.cv-foundation.org/openaccess/content_cvpr_2016/html/Chang_Variable_Aperture_Light_CVPR_2016_paper.html">site</a>][<a href="pubs/cvpr16.pdf">PDF</a>][<a href="pubs/cvpr16_supp.pdf">supplement</a>]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/nmeth16.pdf>
<img src="thumbnails/mfp2.png" /></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b> Simultaneous fast measurement of circuit
dynamics at multiple sites across the mammalian brain. </b><br>
Kim CK*, Yang SJ*, Pichamoorthy N, Young NP, <u>Kauvar I</u>, Jennings JH,
Lerner TN, Berndt A, Lee SY, Ramakrishnan C, Davidson TJ, Inoue M, Bito H,
Deisseroth K. * = equal contribution<br> <i>Nature
Methods </i> (2016).
[<a href="pubs/nmeth16.pdf">PDF</a>][<a href="pubs/nmeth16_supp.pdf">supplement</a>]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/SPED_Cell15.pdf>
<img src="thumbnails/sped.png"/></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>SPED Light Sheet
Microscopy: Fast Mapping of Biological System Structure and Function. </b><br>
Tomer R, Lovett-Barron M, <u>Kauvar I</u>, Andalman AS, Burns VM, Sankaran
S, Grosenick L, Broxton M, Yang S, Deisseroth K. <br> <i>Cell</i> 163:7 (2015). [<a href="pubs/SPED_Cell15.pdf">PDF</a>]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/OpEx15.pdf>
<img src="thumbnails/rapid.png"/></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>Extended field-of-view and
increased-signal 3D holographic illumination with time-division
multiplexing. </b><br>
Yang SJ, Allen WE, <u>Kauvar I</u>, Andalman AS, Young NP, Kim CK, Marshel
JH, Wetzstein G., Deisseroth K. <br> <i>Optics Express</i> 23:25
(2015). [<a href="https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.032573">link</a>]
[<a href="http://www.computationalimaging.org/publications/extended-field-of-view-and-increased-signal-3d-holographic-illumination-with-time-division-multiplexing/">site</a>]
[<a href="pubs/OpEx15.pdf">PDF</a>]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/TOG15.pdf>
<img src="thumbnails/projector.png"/></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b> Adaptive color
display via perceptually-driven factored spectral projection. </b><br>
<u>Kauvar I</u>, Yang SJ, Shi, L, McDowall I, Wetzstein G.<br> <i>ACM
Transactions on Graphics (TOG)</i> (2015):
165. [<a href="pubs/TOG15.pdf">PDF</a>]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/cell14.pdf>
<img src="thumbnails/fp.png"/></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b> Natural Neural Projection Dynamics Underlying
Social Behavior. </b> <br>
Gunaydin LA*, Grosenick L*, Finkelstein JC*, <u>Kauvar IV*</u>, Fenno LE, Adhikari A,
Lammel S, Mirzabekov JJ, Airan RD, Zalocusky KA, Tye KM, Anikeeva P,
Malenka RC, Deisseroth K. * = equal contribution <br><i>Cell</i> (2014).
[<a href="pubs/cell14.pdf">PDF</a> ][ <a href="http://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/2014/06/scientists-tie-social-behavior-to-activity-in-specific-.html">Stanford
Medicine</a>][<a href="http://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2014/06/19/party-animal-scientists-nail-social-circuit-in-rodent-brain-and-probably-ours-too/">Scope
Blog</a>][<a href="http://www.latimes.com/science/sciencenow/la-sci-sn-brain-social-cell-20140618-story.html">LA
Times</a>][<a href="http://time.com/2901657/brain-circuit-why-people-are-shy/">TIME</a>]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/advmat12.pdf>
<img src="thumbnails/opv.png" /></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>The
Role of Electron Affinity in Determining Whether Fullerenes Catalyze or
Inhibit Photooxidation of Polymers for Solar Cells. </b><br>
Hoke E, Sachs Quintana IT, Lloyd MT, <u>Kauvar IV</u>, Mateker WR, Nardes
AM, Peters CH, Kopidakis N, McGehee MD.
<br> <i>Advanced Energy
Materials </i> (2012). [<a href="pubs/advmat12.pdf">PDF</a>]
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<a href=pubs/advmat10.pdf>
<img src="thumbnails/polymers.png"/></a>
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>Unconventional
Face-On Texture and Exceptional In-Plane Order of a High Mobility n-Type
Polymer.</b> <br>
Rivnay J, Toney MF, Zheng Y, <u>Kauvar IV</u>, Chen Z, Wagner V,
Facchetti A, Salleo A. <br><i>Advanced Materials</i> (2010). [<a href="pubs/advmat10.pdf">PDF</a>]
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="blurb">
<br><br><h3> > patents </h3>
<table cellpadding=9>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<!-- <img src=thumbnails/dissoc.png> -->
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>Multifocal macroscope for large field of view imaging of dynamic specimens</b> <br>
Gordon Wetzstein, Tim Machado, Karl A. Deisseroth, <u>Isaac V. Kauvar</u>. <a href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US20210364771A1/en">US20210364771A1</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<!-- <img src=thumbnails/dissoc.png> -->
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>Method and systems for measuring neural activity </b> <br>
Christina Kim, Samuel Yang, Karl A. Deisseroth, <u>Isaac V. Kauvar</u>. <a href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US11147457B2/en">US11147457B2</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<!-- <img src=thumbnails/dissoc.png> -->
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>Methods and devices for imaging and/or optogenetic control of light-responsive neurons </b> <br>
Samuel Yang, Karl A. Deisseroth, William E. Allen, <u>Isaac V. Kauvar</u>, Aaron S. Andalman. <a href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US10568516B2/en">US10568516B2</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>
<div class="thumb">
<!-- <img src=thumbnails/dissoc.png> -->
</div>
</td>
<td>
<b>Liquid crystal displays with reduced light leakage</b> <br>
Yi Huang, Pongpinit Towashiraporn, Erik A. Zweigle, Mingxia Gu, Wei Chen, Cheng Chen, Young Cheol Yang, <u>Isaac V. Kauvar</u>. <a href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US9081230B2/en">US9081230B2</a>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="blurb">
<br><h3> > art </h3><br>
<p>
I like to draw; I design clothing apparel you can
buy <a href="http://www.llamour.style"> here</a>! <br>
I am a photographer; check out some of my work <a href="https://fineartamerica.com/profiles/isaac-kauvar">here</a> and <a href="joy.htm"> here</a>. I have also published a book of elephant portraits, <i>Bigger Than Your Self</i>, available for purchase on Amazon <a href="https://a.co/d/6HHzAbf">here</a> .<br>
I also enjoy making movies; I helped produce a film <a href="https://hoverpictures.com/projects/2024/carrying-capacity.html">Carrying Capacity</a> about research into the neuroscience of autism. It won Best Short Documentary at the <a href="https://www.vaildaily.com/entertainment/2023-vail-film-festival-announces-winning-films/">2023 Vail Film Festival</a>.
<!-- I also enjoy cinematography, some of which can be seen <a href="http://vimeo.com/58744247">here</a>. -->
</p>
</div>
<br>
<div class="blurb">
<br><h3> > previous </h3><br>
<p>
In 2019 I worked on an ambitious 'moonshot' using machine learning (mostly Graph
Neural Networks) as an AI resident at <a href="http://x.company">Google X</a>, Google's secretive R&D lab.
</p>
<p>
In 2014 I worked as a computational imaging engineer at
<a href="http://light.co"> Light</a>.
</p>
<p>
I spent the summer of 2013 traveling along the northern Mediterranean,
shooting rolls and rolls of black and white film. These photographs led to
a solo exhibition in the Stanford SubGallery (many of which can be viewed
<a href="joy.htm"> here</a>).
<p>
In 2012-2013 I completed a M.Sc. in Electrical Engineering at Stanford
University on
an <a href="http://www.ieee.org/about/awards/fortescue.html">IEEE Charles
Legeyt Fortescue Scholarship</a>. I studied primarily machine learning, image
processing, and photography.</p>
<p>
During the summer of 2012, I worked
at Apple as part of the Panel Process and Optics team where I leveraged my
background in optical physics to improve the liquid crystal display stack,
resulting in this <a href="https://www.google.com/patents/US9081230">patent</a>.
</p>
<p>
Before I happened upon imaging, photography, and neuroscience, I was
most passionate about renewable (in particular, solar) energy
conversion. As an undergraduate at Stanford University, majoring
in <a href="http:\\ephys.stanford.edu">Engineering Physics</a>, I worked with <a href="http://salleo.stanford.edu">Alberto
Salleo</a> and at the <a href="http://nrel.gov">National Renewable
Energy Laboratory</a>, yielding two publications in the realm
of <a href="pubs/advmat10.pdf">improved organic semiconductors</a>
and <a href="pubs/advmat12.pdf">lifetime stability of organic
photovoltaics</a>.
</div>
<br>
<div class="blurb">
<br><h3> > things I have built </h3><br>
<p>
<a href="https://sites.google.com/view/getcosmos">COSMOS</a> <br>
Record neural activity at video-rates across the extent of rodent dorsal cortex, with near-single-cell resolution.
<p>
<a href="https://sites.google.com/view/optoencephalography/home">Optoencephalography</a> <br>
Record neural activity with mesoscale resolution in genetically-defined cell-types across rodent dorsal cortex.
<p>
<a href="https://sites.google.com/view/multifp/home">Multi-fiber photometry</a> <br>
Record neural activity in populations of genetically- or projection-defined cell-types simultaneously, from many regions (cortical and subcortical) throughout the brain.
<p>
<a href="./vids/ferrofluid.MP4" title="Ferrofluid visual equalizer.">Ferrofluid music visualizer </a> <br>
An iPod controlled sound system with a dynamic equalizer and a ferrofluid wave chamber controlled by electromagnets synced to the music. (The linked video shows the not-quite-finished product).
</div>
<!-- <div class="blurb">
<br><h3> >> undergrad projects... </h3><br>
<p>
<a href="./vids/ferrofluid.MP4" title="Ferrofluid visual equalizer.">Ferrofluid music visualizer </a> <br>
An iPod controlled sound system with a dynamic equalizer and a ferrofluid wave chamber controlled by electromagnets synced to the music. (The linked video shows the not-quite-finished product).
<p> -->
<!--<a href="http://fili-bust-a-move.weebly.com/" target="_blank">Fili-bust-a-move</a><br>
A sumo wrestling robot, the final project for a mechatronics class.
-->
<!-- </div> -->
</div>
<!-- Thanks Mike Kim for the design inspiration:-)! -->
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