From a885c78da2ef749b711241b578b525f9bf4155a1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: 6h057 <15034695+omarsy@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Tue, 28 Jan 2025 13:06:05 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 1/9] fix(gnovm/softfloat): replace copy.sh with Go generator
 (#3584)

Co-authored-by: Morgan <morgan@morganbaz.com>
Co-authored-by: Manfred Touron <94029+moul@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/copy.sh  |  32 -----
 .../gnolang/internal/softfloat/gen/main.go    | 116 ++++++++++++++++++
 .../internal/softfloat/runtime_softfloat64.go |   2 +-
 .../softfloat/runtime_softfloat64_test.go     |   6 +-
 .../gnolang/internal/softfloat/softfloat.go   |   2 +-
 5 files changed, 121 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)
 delete mode 100644 gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/copy.sh
 create mode 100644 gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/gen/main.go

diff --git a/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/copy.sh b/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/copy.sh
deleted file mode 100644
index 6d2a8f80462..00000000000
--- a/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/copy.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-# softfloat64.go:
-# - add header
-# - change package name
-cat > runtime_softfloat64.go << EOF
-// Code generated by copy.sh. DO NOT EDIT.
-// This file is copied from \$GOROOT/src/runtime/softfloat64.go.
-// It is the software floating point implementation used by the Go runtime.
-
-EOF
-cat "$GOROOT/src/runtime/softfloat64.go" >> ./runtime_softfloat64.go
-sed -i 's/^package runtime$/package softfloat/' runtime_softfloat64.go
-
-# softfloat64_test.go:
-# - add header
-# - change package name
-# - change import to right package
-# - change GOARCH to runtime.GOARCH, and import the "runtime" package
-cat > runtime_softfloat64_test.go << EOF
-// Code generated by copy.sh. DO NOT EDIT.
-// This file is copied from \$GOROOT/src/runtime/softfloat64_test.go.
-// It is the tests for the software floating point implementation
-// used by the Go runtime.
-
-EOF
-cat "$GOROOT/src/runtime/softfloat64_test.go" >> ./runtime_softfloat64_test.go
-sed -i 's/^package runtime_test$/package softfloat_test/
-s#^\t\. "runtime"$#\t. "github.com/gnolang/gno/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat"#
-s/GOARCH/runtime.GOARCH/g
-16a\
-    "runtime"' runtime_softfloat64_test.go
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/gen/main.go b/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/gen/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7c89ff9b5a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/gen/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	// Process softfloat64.go file
+	processSoftFloat64File()
+
+	// Process softfloat64_test.go file
+	processSoftFloat64TestFile()
+
+	// Run mvdan.cc/gofumpt
+	gofumpt()
+
+	fmt.Println("Files processed successfully.")
+}
+
+func processSoftFloat64File() {
+	// Read source file
+	content, err := os.ReadFile(fmt.Sprintf("%s/src/runtime/softfloat64.go", runtime.GOROOT()))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal("Error reading source file:", err)
+	}
+
+	// Prepare header
+	header := `// Code generated by github.com/gnolang/gno/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/gen. DO NOT EDIT.
+// This file is copied from $GOROOT/src/runtime/softfloat64.go.
+// It is the software floating point implementation used by the Go runtime.
+
+`
+
+	// Combine header with content
+	newContent := header + string(content)
+
+	// Replace package name
+	newContent = strings.Replace(newContent, "package runtime", "package softfloat", 1)
+
+	// Write to destination file
+	err = os.WriteFile("runtime_softfloat64.go", []byte(newContent), 0o644)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal("Error writing to destination file:", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func processSoftFloat64TestFile() {
+	// Read source test file
+	content, err := os.ReadFile(fmt.Sprintf("%s/src/runtime/softfloat64_test.go", runtime.GOROOT()))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal("Error reading source test file:", err)
+	}
+
+	// Prepare header
+	header := `// Code generated by github.com/gnolang/gno/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/gen. DO NOT EDIT.
+// This file is copied from $GOROOT/src/runtime/softfloat64_test.go.
+// It is the tests for the software floating point implementation
+// used by the Go runtime.
+
+`
+
+	// Combine header with content
+	newContent := header + string(content)
+
+	// Replace package name and imports
+	newContent = strings.Replace(newContent, "package runtime_test", "package softfloat_test", 1)
+	newContent = strings.Replace(newContent, "\t. \"runtime\"", "\t\"runtime\"", 1)
+	newContent = strings.Replace(newContent, "GOARCH", "runtime.GOARCH", 1)
+
+	newContent = strings.Replace(newContent, "import (", "import (\n\t. \"github.com/gnolang/gno/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat\"", 1)
+
+	// Write to destination file
+	err = os.WriteFile("runtime_softfloat64_test.go", []byte(newContent), 0o644)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal("Error writing to destination test file:", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func gitRoot() (string, error) {
+	wd, err := os.Getwd()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	p := wd
+	for {
+		if s, e := os.Stat(filepath.Join(p, ".git")); e == nil && s.IsDir() {
+			return p, nil
+		}
+
+		if strings.HasSuffix(p, string(filepath.Separator)) {
+			return "", errors.New("root git not found")
+		}
+
+		p = filepath.Dir(p)
+	}
+}
+
+func gofumpt() {
+	rootPath, err := gitRoot()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal("error finding git root:", err)
+	}
+
+	cmd := exec.Command("go", "run", "-modfile", filepath.Join(strings.TrimSpace(rootPath), "misc/devdeps/go.mod"), "mvdan.cc/gofumpt", "-w", ".")
+	_, err = cmd.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal("error gofumpt:", err)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/runtime_softfloat64.go b/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/runtime_softfloat64.go
index cf2ad5afd8a..7623b9c2077 100644
--- a/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/runtime_softfloat64.go
+++ b/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/runtime_softfloat64.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Code generated by copy.sh. DO NOT EDIT.
+// Code generated by github.com/gnolang/gno/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/gen. DO NOT EDIT.
 // This file is copied from $GOROOT/src/runtime/softfloat64.go.
 // It is the software floating point implementation used by the Go runtime.
 
diff --git a/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/runtime_softfloat64_test.go b/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/runtime_softfloat64_test.go
index c57fe08b0ef..8b5d34650f1 100644
--- a/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/runtime_softfloat64_test.go
+++ b/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/runtime_softfloat64_test.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Code generated by copy.sh. DO NOT EDIT.
+// Code generated by github.com/gnolang/gno/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/gen. DO NOT EDIT.
 // This file is copied from $GOROOT/src/runtime/softfloat64_test.go.
 // It is the tests for the software floating point implementation
 // used by the Go runtime.
@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@
 package softfloat_test
 
 import (
+	. "github.com/gnolang/gno/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat"
 	"math"
 	"math/rand"
-	. "github.com/gnolang/gno/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat"
+	"runtime"
 	"testing"
-    "runtime"
 )
 
 // turn uint64 op into float64 op
diff --git a/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/softfloat.go b/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/softfloat.go
index 30f66dff620..89dcd04d8fb 100644
--- a/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/softfloat.go
+++ b/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/softfloat.go
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ package softfloat
 
 // This file mostly exports the functions from runtime_softfloat64.go
 
-//go:generate sh copy.sh
+//go:generate go run github.com/gnolang/gno/gnovm/pkg/gnolang/internal/softfloat/gen
 
 const (
 	mask  = 0x7FF

From df4113d75450066a72c627f584686b28d2a10cbc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leon Hudak <33522493+leohhhn@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 29 Jan 2025 10:44:49 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 2/9] feat(examples): update leon's config & home (#3603)

---
 examples/gno.land/r/leon/config/config.gno | 119 +++++++++++++++------
 examples/gno.land/r/leon/hof/hof.gno       |  22 ++--
 examples/gno.land/r/leon/home/home.gno     |  42 ++++----
 3 files changed, 119 insertions(+), 64 deletions(-)

diff --git a/examples/gno.land/r/leon/config/config.gno b/examples/gno.land/r/leon/config/config.gno
index bc800ec8263..bb90a6c21d7 100644
--- a/examples/gno.land/r/leon/config/config.gno
+++ b/examples/gno.land/r/leon/config/config.gno
@@ -3,61 +3,116 @@ package config
 import (
 	"errors"
 	"std"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"gno.land/p/demo/avl"
+	p "gno.land/p/demo/avl/pager"
+	"gno.land/p/demo/ownable"
+	"gno.land/p/demo/ufmt"
+	"gno.land/p/moul/md"
+	"gno.land/p/moul/realmpath"
 )
 
 var (
-	main   std.Address // leon's main address
-	backup std.Address // backup address
+	configs = avl.NewTree()
+	pager   = p.NewPager(configs, 10, false)
+	banner  = "---\n[[Leon's Home page]](/r/leon/home) | [[GitHub: @leohhhn]](https://github.com/leohhhn)\n\n---"
+	absPath = strings.TrimPrefix(std.CurrentRealm().PkgPath(), std.GetChainDomain())
+
+	// SafeObjects
+	OwnableMain   = ownable.NewWithAddress("g125em6arxsnj49vx35f0n0z34putv5ty3376fg5")
+	OwnableBackup = ownable.NewWithAddress("g1lavlav7zwsjqlzzl3qdl3nl242qtf638vnhdjh")
 
-	ErrInvalidAddr  = errors.New("leon's config: invalid address")
 	ErrUnauthorized = errors.New("leon's config: unauthorized")
 )
 
-func init() {
-	main = "g125em6arxsnj49vx35f0n0z34putv5ty3376fg5"
+type Config struct {
+	lines   string
+	updated time.Time
 }
 
-func Address() std.Address {
-	return main
-}
+func AddConfig(name, lines string) {
+	if !IsAuthorized(std.PrevRealm().Addr()) {
+		panic(ErrUnauthorized)
+	}
 
-func Backup() std.Address {
-	return backup
+	configs.Set(name, Config{
+		lines:   lines,
+		updated: time.Now(),
+	}) // no overwrite check
 }
 
-func SetAddress(a std.Address) error {
-	if !a.IsValid() {
-		return ErrInvalidAddr
+func RemoveConfig(name string) {
+	if !IsAuthorized(std.PrevRealm().Addr()) {
+		panic(ErrUnauthorized)
 	}
 
-	if err := checkAuthorized(); err != nil {
-		return err
+	if _, ok := configs.Remove(name); !ok {
+		panic("no config with that name")
 	}
-
-	main = a
-	return nil
 }
 
-func SetBackup(a std.Address) error {
-	if !a.IsValid() {
-		return ErrInvalidAddr
+func UpdateBanner(newBanner string) {
+	if !IsAuthorized(std.PrevRealm().Addr()) {
+		panic(ErrUnauthorized)
 	}
 
-	if err := checkAuthorized(); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
+	banner = newBanner
+}
 
-	backup = a
-	return nil
+func IsAuthorized(addr std.Address) bool {
+	return addr == OwnableMain.Owner() || addr == OwnableBackup.Owner()
 }
 
-func checkAuthorized() error {
-	caller := std.PrevRealm().Addr()
-	isAuthorized := caller == main || caller == backup
+func Banner() string {
+	return banner
+}
+
+func Render(path string) (out string) {
+	req := realmpath.Parse(path)
+	if req.Path == "" {
+		out += md.H1("Leon's config package")
+
+		out += ufmt.Sprintf("Leon's main address: %s\n\n", OwnableMain.Owner().String())
+		out += ufmt.Sprintf("Leon's backup address: %s\n\n", OwnableBackup.Owner().String())
 
-	if !isAuthorized {
-		return ErrUnauthorized
+		out += md.H2("Leon's configs")
+
+		if configs.Size() == 0 {
+			out += "No configs yet :c\n\n"
+		}
+
+		page := pager.MustGetPageByPath(path)
+		for _, item := range page.Items {
+			out += ufmt.Sprintf("- [%s](%s:%s)\n\n", item.Key, absPath, item.Key)
+		}
+
+		out += page.Picker()
+		out += "\n\n"
+		out += "Page " + strconv.Itoa(page.PageNumber) + " of " + strconv.Itoa(page.TotalPages) + "\n\n"
+
+		out += Banner()
+
+		return out
 	}
 
-	return nil
+	return renderConfPage(req.Path)
+}
+
+func renderConfPage(confName string) (out string) {
+	raw, ok := configs.Get(confName)
+	if !ok {
+		out += md.H1("404")
+		out += "That config does not exist :/"
+		return out
+	}
+
+	conf := raw.(Config)
+	out += md.H1(confName)
+	out += ufmt.Sprintf("```\n%s\n```\n\n", conf.lines)
+	out += ufmt.Sprintf("_Last updated on %s_", conf.updated.Format("02 Jan, 2006"))
+
+	return out
 }
diff --git a/examples/gno.land/r/leon/hof/hof.gno b/examples/gno.land/r/leon/hof/hof.gno
index 147a0dd1a95..96266ffe380 100644
--- a/examples/gno.land/r/leon/hof/hof.gno
+++ b/examples/gno.land/r/leon/hof/hof.gno
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ import (
 	"gno.land/p/demo/ownable"
 	"gno.land/p/demo/pausable"
 	"gno.land/p/demo/seqid"
+
+	"gno.land/r/leon/config"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ type (
 	Exhibition struct {
 		itemCounter seqid.ID
 		description string
-		items       *avl.Tree // pkgPath > Item
+		items       *avl.Tree // pkgPath > &Item
 		itemsSorted *avl.Tree // same data but sorted, storing pointers
 	}
 
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ func init() {
 		itemsSorted: avl.NewTree(),
 	}
 
-	Ownable = ownable.NewWithAddress(std.Address("g125em6arxsnj49vx35f0n0z34putv5ty3376fg5"))
+	Ownable = ownable.NewWithAddress(config.OwnableMain.Owner()) // OrigSendOwnable?
 	Pausable = pausable.NewFromOwnable(Ownable)
 }
 
@@ -85,14 +87,14 @@ func Register() {
 func Upvote(pkgpath string) {
 	rawItem, ok := exhibition.items.Get(pkgpath)
 	if !ok {
-		panic(ErrNoSuchItem.Error())
+		panic(ErrNoSuchItem)
 	}
 
 	item := rawItem.(*Item)
 	caller := std.PrevRealm().Addr().String()
 
 	if item.upvote.Has(caller) {
-		panic(ErrDoubleUpvote.Error())
+		panic(ErrDoubleUpvote)
 	}
 
 	item.upvote.Set(caller, struct{}{})
@@ -101,14 +103,14 @@ func Upvote(pkgpath string) {
 func Downvote(pkgpath string) {
 	rawItem, ok := exhibition.items.Get(pkgpath)
 	if !ok {
-		panic(ErrNoSuchItem.Error())
+		panic(ErrNoSuchItem)
 	}
 
 	item := rawItem.(*Item)
 	caller := std.PrevRealm().Addr().String()
 
 	if item.downvote.Has(caller) {
-		panic(ErrDoubleDownvote.Error())
+		panic(ErrDoubleDownvote)
 	}
 
 	item.downvote.Set(caller, struct{}{})
@@ -116,19 +118,19 @@ func Downvote(pkgpath string) {
 
 func Delete(pkgpath string) {
 	if !Ownable.CallerIsOwner() {
-		panic(ownable.ErrUnauthorized.Error())
+		panic(ownable.ErrUnauthorized)
 	}
 
 	i, ok := exhibition.items.Get(pkgpath)
 	if !ok {
-		panic(ErrNoSuchItem.Error())
+		panic(ErrNoSuchItem)
 	}
 
 	if _, removed := exhibition.itemsSorted.Remove(i.(*Item).id.String()); !removed {
-		panic(ErrNoSuchItem.Error())
+		panic(ErrNoSuchItem)
 	}
 
 	if _, removed := exhibition.items.Remove(pkgpath); !removed {
-		panic(ErrNoSuchItem.Error())
+		panic(ErrNoSuchItem)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/examples/gno.land/r/leon/home/home.gno b/examples/gno.land/r/leon/home/home.gno
index cf33260cc6b..aef261fcd60 100644
--- a/examples/gno.land/r/leon/home/home.gno
+++ b/examples/gno.land/r/leon/home/home.gno
@@ -19,7 +19,24 @@ var (
 	abtMe      [2]string
 )
 
+func Render(path string) string {
+	out := "# Leon's Homepage\n\n"
+
+	out += renderAboutMe()
+	out += renderBlogPosts()
+	out += "\n\n"
+	out += renderArt()
+	out += "\n\n"
+	out += config.Banner()
+	out += "\n\n"
+
+	return out
+}
+
 func init() {
+	hof.Register()
+	mirror.Register(std.CurrentRealm().PkgPath(), Render)
+
 	pfp = "https://i.imgflip.com/91vskx.jpg"
 	pfpCaption = "[My favourite painting & pfp](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wanderer_above_the_Sea_of_Fog)"
 	abtMe = [2]string{
@@ -30,16 +47,12 @@ life-long learner, and sharer of knowledge.`,
 My contributions to gno.land can mainly be found 
 [here](https://github.com/gnolang/gno/issues?q=sort:updated-desc+author:leohhhn).
 
-TODO import r/gh
-`,
+TODO import r/gh`,
 	}
-
-	hof.Register()
-	mirror.Register(std.CurrentRealm().PkgPath(), Render)
 }
 
 func UpdatePFP(url, caption string) {
-	if !isAuthorized(std.PrevRealm().Addr()) {
+	if !config.IsAuthorized(std.PrevRealm().Addr()) {
 		panic(config.ErrUnauthorized)
 	}
 
@@ -48,7 +61,7 @@ func UpdatePFP(url, caption string) {
 }
 
 func UpdateAboutMe(col1, col2 string) {
-	if !isAuthorized(std.PrevRealm().Addr()) {
+	if !config.IsAuthorized(std.PrevRealm().Addr()) {
 		panic(config.ErrUnauthorized)
 	}
 
@@ -56,17 +69,6 @@ func UpdateAboutMe(col1, col2 string) {
 	abtMe[1] = col2
 }
 
-func Render(path string) string {
-	out := "# Leon's Homepage\n\n"
-
-	out += renderAboutMe()
-	out += renderBlogPosts()
-	out += "\n\n"
-	out += renderArt()
-
-	return out
-}
-
 func renderBlogPosts() string {
 	out := ""
 	//out += "## Leon's Blog Posts"
@@ -130,7 +132,3 @@ func renderMillipede() string {
 
 	return out
 }
-
-func isAuthorized(addr std.Address) bool {
-	return addr == config.Address() || addr == config.Backup()
-}

From 21fe65624a39fce3c589c1dd2d897b02b720f292 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leon Hudak <33522493+leohhhn@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 29 Jan 2025 10:55:05 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 3/9] feat(r/docs): pager + render paths (#3608)

---
 .../r/docs/avl_pager_with_params/gno.mod      |  1 +
 .../r/docs/avl_pager_with_params/render.gno   | 86 +++++++++++++++++++
 examples/gno.land/r/docs/docs.gno             |  1 +
 3 files changed, 88 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 examples/gno.land/r/docs/avl_pager_with_params/gno.mod
 create mode 100644 examples/gno.land/r/docs/avl_pager_with_params/render.gno

diff --git a/examples/gno.land/r/docs/avl_pager_with_params/gno.mod b/examples/gno.land/r/docs/avl_pager_with_params/gno.mod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..aeb5b047762
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/gno.land/r/docs/avl_pager_with_params/gno.mod
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+module gno.land/r/docs/avl_pager_params
diff --git a/examples/gno.land/r/docs/avl_pager_with_params/render.gno b/examples/gno.land/r/docs/avl_pager_with_params/render.gno
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..108f5735b65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/gno.land/r/docs/avl_pager_with_params/render.gno
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+package avl_pager_params
+
+import (
+	"gno.land/p/demo/avl"
+	"gno.land/p/demo/avl/pager"
+	"gno.land/p/demo/seqid"
+	"gno.land/p/demo/ufmt"
+	"gno.land/p/moul/realmpath"
+)
+
+// We'll keep some demo data in an AVL tree to showcase pagination.
+var (
+	items     *avl.Tree
+	idCounter seqid.ID
+)
+
+func init() {
+	items = avl.NewTree()
+	// Populate the tree with 15 sample items for demonstration.
+	for i := 1; i <= 15; i++ {
+		id := idCounter.Next().String()
+		items.Set(id, "Some item value: "+id)
+	}
+}
+
+func Render(path string) string {
+	// 1) Parse the incoming path to split route vs. query.
+	req := realmpath.Parse(path)
+	//    - req.Path contains everything *before* ? or $ (? - query params, $ - gnoweb params)
+	//    - The remaining part (page=2, size=5, etc.) is not in req.Path.
+
+	// 2) If no specific route is provided (req.Path == ""), we’ll show a “home” page
+	//    that displays a list of configs in paginated form.
+	if req.Path == "" {
+		return renderHome(path)
+	}
+
+	// 3) If a route *is* provided (e.g. :SomeKey),
+	//    we will interpret it as a request for a specific page.
+	return renderConfigItem(req.Path)
+}
+
+// renderHome shows a paginated list of config items if route == "".
+func renderHome(fullPath string) string {
+	// Create a Pager for our config tree, with a default page size of 5.
+	p := pager.NewPager(items, 5, false)
+
+	// MustGetPageByPath uses the *entire* path (including query parts: ?page=2, etc.)
+	page := p.MustGetPageByPath(fullPath)
+
+	// Start building the output (plain text or markdown).
+	out := "# AVL Pager + Render paths\n\n"
+	out += `This realm showcases how to maintain a paginated list while properly parsing render paths. 
+You can see how a single page can include a paginated element (like the example below), and how clicking 
+an item can take you to a dedicated page for that specific item.
+
+No matter how you browse through the paginated list, the introductory text (this section) remains the same.
+
+`
+
+	out += ufmt.Sprintf("Showing page %d of %d\n\n", page.PageNumber, page.TotalPages)
+
+	// List items for this page.
+	for _, item := range page.Items {
+		// Link each item to a details page: e.g. ":Config01"
+		out += ufmt.Sprintf("- [Item %s](/r/docs/avl_pager_params:%s)\n", item.Key, item.Key)
+	}
+
+	// Insert pagination controls (previous/next links, etc.).
+	out += "\n" + page.Picker() + "\n\n"
+	out += "### [Go back to r/docs](/r/docs)"
+
+	return out
+}
+
+// renderConfigItem shows details for a single item, e.g. ":item001".
+func renderConfigItem(itemName string) string {
+	value, ok := items.Get(itemName)
+	if !ok {
+		return ufmt.Sprintf("**No item found** for key: %s", itemName)
+	}
+
+	out := ufmt.Sprintf("# Item %s\n\n%s\n\n", itemName, value.(string))
+	out += "[Go back](/r/docs/avl_pager_params)"
+	return out
+}
diff --git a/examples/gno.land/r/docs/docs.gno b/examples/gno.land/r/docs/docs.gno
index 28bac4171b5..be9a58e1c53 100644
--- a/examples/gno.land/r/docs/docs.gno
+++ b/examples/gno.land/r/docs/docs.gno
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ Explore various examples to learn more about Gno functionality and usage.
 - [Source](/r/docs/source) - View realm source code.
 - [Buttons](/r/docs/buttons) - Add buttons to your realm's render.
 - [AVL Pager](/r/docs/avl_pager) - Paginate through AVL tree items.  
+- [AVL Pager + Render paths](/r/docs/avl_pager_params) - Handle render arguments with pagination.
 - [Img Embed](/r/docs/img_embed) - Demonstrates how to embed an image.
 - ...
 <!-- meta issue with suggestions: https://github.com/gnolang/gno/issues/3292 -->

From 4d0000e8e10b13934e18a11b1220c27fd607926f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leon Hudak <33522493+leohhhn@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 29 Jan 2025 11:07:26 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 4/9] feat(gnoweb): "No render" page/component (#3611)

## Description

Defining a `Render()` function in realms is optional. Currently gnoweb
presents an error if a realm that doesn't have a render func is
requested. This should not be the case.

This PR also adds a VM error, `RenderNotDeclared`, which is to be
returned when `vm/qrender` is called on a realm which does not have a
`Render()` function declared.

I updated the status component to return the following in the
aforementioned case:
<img width="1557" alt="Screenshot 2025-01-25 at 16 30 55"
src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/dc82c1d6-d815-4d92-a1a9-7639cbf7bca2"
/>


Also adds another `r/docs` realm mentioning that a render function is
optional in `r/`.
---
 examples/gno.land/r/docs/docs.gno             |  1 +
 .../gno.land/r/docs/optional_render/gno.mod   |  1 +
 .../docs/optional_render/optional_render.gno  |  7 +++
 gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/app_test.go               |  1 +
 gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/components/view_status.go | 34 +++++++++++++--
 .../pkg/gnoweb/components/views/status.html   | 10 +++--
 gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler.go                | 18 +++++---
 gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler_test.go           | 43 ++++++++++++++++++-
 gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/webclient.go              |  3 +-
 gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/webclient_html.go         |  5 +++
 gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/webclient_mock.go         | 25 ++++++++++-
 gno.land/pkg/sdk/vm/errors.go                 |  2 +
 gno.land/pkg/sdk/vm/handler.go                |  4 ++
 gno.land/pkg/sdk/vm/package.go                |  1 +
 14 files changed, 139 insertions(+), 16 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 examples/gno.land/r/docs/optional_render/gno.mod
 create mode 100644 examples/gno.land/r/docs/optional_render/optional_render.gno

diff --git a/examples/gno.land/r/docs/docs.gno b/examples/gno.land/r/docs/docs.gno
index be9a58e1c53..b4c78205c0a 100644
--- a/examples/gno.land/r/docs/docs.gno
+++ b/examples/gno.land/r/docs/docs.gno
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ Explore various examples to learn more about Gno functionality and usage.
 - [AVL Pager](/r/docs/avl_pager) - Paginate through AVL tree items.  
 - [AVL Pager + Render paths](/r/docs/avl_pager_params) - Handle render arguments with pagination.
 - [Img Embed](/r/docs/img_embed) - Demonstrates how to embed an image.
+- [Optional Render](/r/docs/optional_render) - Render() is optional in realms.
 - ...
 <!-- meta issue with suggestions: https://github.com/gnolang/gno/issues/3292 -->
 
diff --git a/examples/gno.land/r/docs/optional_render/gno.mod b/examples/gno.land/r/docs/optional_render/gno.mod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4c8162ca46d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/gno.land/r/docs/optional_render/gno.mod
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+module gno.land/r/docs/optional_render
diff --git a/examples/gno.land/r/docs/optional_render/optional_render.gno b/examples/gno.land/r/docs/optional_render/optional_render.gno
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..77da30609b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/gno.land/r/docs/optional_render/optional_render.gno
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package optional_render
+
+func Info() string {
+	return `Having a Render() function in your realm is optional!
+If you do decide to have a Render() function, it must have the following signature:
+func Render(path string) string { ... }`
+}
diff --git a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/app_test.go b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/app_test.go
index 6fb69c6d984..eb17ee4d0e9 100644
--- a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/app_test.go
+++ b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/app_test.go
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ func TestRoutes(t *testing.T) {
 		{"/game-of-realms", found, "/contribute"},
 		{"/gor", found, "/contribute"},
 		{"/blog", found, "/r/gnoland/blog"},
+		{"/r/docs/optional_render", http.StatusNoContent, "No Render"},
 		{"/r/not/found/", notFound, ""},
 		{"/404/not/found", notFound, ""},
 		{"/아스키문자가아닌경로", notFound, ""},
diff --git a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/components/view_status.go b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/components/view_status.go
index 46f998c45cb..56477a4db0a 100644
--- a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/components/view_status.go
+++ b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/components/view_status.go
@@ -2,10 +2,38 @@ package components
 
 const StatusViewType ViewType = "status-view"
 
+// StatusData holds the dynamic fields for the "status" template
 type StatusData struct {
-	Message string
+	Title      string
+	Body       string
+	ButtonURL  string
+	ButtonText string
 }
 
-func StatusComponent(message string) *View {
-	return NewTemplateView(StatusViewType, "status", StatusData{message})
+// StatusErrorComponent returns a view for error scenarios
+func StatusErrorComponent(message string) *View {
+	return NewTemplateView(
+		StatusViewType,
+		"status",
+		StatusData{
+			Title:      "Error: " + message,
+			Body:       "Something went wrong.",
+			ButtonURL:  "/",
+			ButtonText: "Go Back Home",
+		},
+	)
+}
+
+// StatusNoRenderComponent returns a view for non-error notifications
+func StatusNoRenderComponent(pkgPath string) *View {
+	return NewTemplateView(
+		StatusViewType,
+		"status",
+		StatusData{
+			Title:      "No Render",
+			Body:       "This realm does not implement a Render() function.",
+			ButtonURL:  pkgPath + "$source",
+			ButtonText: "View Realm Source",
+		},
+	)
 }
diff --git a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/components/views/status.html b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/components/views/status.html
index ab068cbf7e4..f4533275789 100644
--- a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/components/views/status.html
+++ b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/components/views/status.html
@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 {{ define "status" }}
 <div class="col-span-10 flex flex-col h-full w-full mt-10 pb-24 justify-center items-center">
   <img src="/public/imgs/gnoland.svg" alt="gno land" width="70px" height="70px" />
-  <h1 class="text-600 font-bold text-gray-600 pb-4 capitalize"><span>Error:</span> <span>{{ .Message }}</span></h1>
-  <p class="pb-3">Something went wrong. Let’s find our way back!</p>
-  <a href="/" class="rounded border py-1 px-2 hover:bg-gray-100">Go Back Home</a>
+  <h1 class="text-600 font-bold text-gray-600 pb-4 capitalize">
+    {{ .Title }}
+  </h1>
+  <p class="pb-3">{{ .Body }}</p>
+  <a href="{{ .ButtonURL }}" class="rounded border py-1 px-2 hover:bg-gray-100">
+    {{ .ButtonText }}
+  </a>
 </div>
 {{ end }}
diff --git a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler.go b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler.go
index cdaaa63e1bc..822fd50fa1b 100644
--- a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler.go
+++ b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler.go
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ func (h *WebHandler) prepareIndexBodyView(r *http.Request, indexData *components
 	gnourl, err := ParseGnoURL(r.URL)
 	if err != nil {
 		h.Logger.Warn("unable to parse url path", "path", r.URL.Path, "error", err)
-		return http.StatusNotFound, components.StatusComponent("invalid path")
+		return http.StatusNotFound, components.StatusErrorComponent("invalid path")
 	}
 
 	breadcrumb := generateBreadcrumbPaths(gnourl)
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ func (h *WebHandler) prepareIndexBodyView(r *http.Request, indexData *components
 		return h.GetPackageView(gnourl)
 	default:
 		h.Logger.Debug("invalid path: path is neither a pure package or a realm")
-		return http.StatusBadRequest, components.StatusComponent("invalid path")
+		return http.StatusBadRequest, components.StatusErrorComponent("invalid path")
 	}
 }
 
@@ -160,6 +160,10 @@ func (h *WebHandler) GetRealmView(gnourl *GnoURL) (int, *components.View) {
 
 	meta, err := h.Client.RenderRealm(&content, gnourl.Path, gnourl.EncodeArgs())
 	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, ErrRenderNotDeclared) {
+			return http.StatusNoContent, components.StatusNoRenderComponent(gnourl.Path)
+		}
+
 		h.Logger.Error("unable to render realm", "error", err, "path", gnourl.EncodeURL())
 		return GetClientErrorStatusPage(gnourl, err)
 	}
@@ -223,7 +227,7 @@ func (h *WebHandler) GetSourceView(gnourl *GnoURL) (int, *components.View) {
 
 	if len(files) == 0 {
 		h.Logger.Debug("no files available", "path", gnourl.Path)
-		return http.StatusOK, components.StatusComponent("no files available")
+		return http.StatusOK, components.StatusErrorComponent("no files available")
 	}
 
 	var fileName string
@@ -266,7 +270,7 @@ func (h *WebHandler) GetDirectoryView(gnourl *GnoURL) (int, *components.View) {
 
 	if len(files) == 0 {
 		h.Logger.Debug("no files available", "path", gnourl.Path)
-		return http.StatusOK, components.StatusComponent("no files available")
+		return http.StatusOK, components.StatusErrorComponent("no files available")
 	}
 
 	return http.StatusOK, components.DirectoryView(components.DirData{
@@ -283,13 +287,13 @@ func GetClientErrorStatusPage(_ *GnoURL, err error) (int, *components.View) {
 
 	switch {
 	case errors.Is(err, ErrClientPathNotFound):
-		return http.StatusNotFound, components.StatusComponent(err.Error())
+		return http.StatusNotFound, components.StatusErrorComponent(err.Error())
 	case errors.Is(err, ErrClientBadRequest):
-		return http.StatusInternalServerError, components.StatusComponent("bad request")
+		return http.StatusInternalServerError, components.StatusErrorComponent("bad request")
 	case errors.Is(err, ErrClientResponse):
 		fallthrough // XXX: for now fallback as internal error
 	default:
-		return http.StatusInternalServerError, components.StatusComponent("internal error")
+		return http.StatusInternalServerError, components.StatusErrorComponent("internal error")
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler_test.go b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler_test.go
index 624e3390a97..e85434a6f41 100644
--- a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler_test.go
+++ b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler_test.go
@@ -24,12 +24,13 @@ func (t *testingLogger) Write(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
 
 // TestWebHandler_Get tests the Get method of WebHandler using table-driven tests.
 func TestWebHandler_Get(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
 	// Set up a mock package with some files and functions
 	mockPackage := &gnoweb.MockPackage{
 		Domain: "example.com",
 		Path:   "/r/mock/path",
 		Files: map[string]string{
-			"render.gno": `package main; func Render(path string) { return "one more time" }`,
+			"render.gno": `package main; func Render(path string) string { return "one more time" }`,
 			"gno.mod":    `module example.com/r/mock/path`,
 			"LicEnse":    `my super license`,
 		},
@@ -37,6 +38,10 @@ func TestWebHandler_Get(t *testing.T) {
 			{FuncName: "SuperRenderFunction", Params: []vm.NamedType{
 				{Name: "my_super_arg", Type: "string"},
 			}},
+			{
+				FuncName: "Render", Params: []vm.NamedType{{Name: "path", Type: "string"}},
+				Results: []vm.NamedType{{Name: "", Type: "string"}},
+			},
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -82,6 +87,7 @@ func TestWebHandler_Get(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {
 		t.Run(strings.TrimPrefix(tc.Path, "/"), func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
 			t.Logf("input: %+v", tc)
 
 			// Initialize testing logger
@@ -110,3 +116,38 @@ func TestWebHandler_Get(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+// TestWebHandler_NoRender checks if gnoweb displays the `No Render` page properly.
+// This happens when the render being queried does not have a Render function declared.
+func TestWebHandler_NoRender(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	mockPath := "/r/mock/path"
+	mockPackage := &gnoweb.MockPackage{
+		Domain: "gno.land",
+		Path:   "/r/mock/path",
+		Files: map[string]string{
+			"render.gno": `package main; func init() {}`,
+			"gno.mod":    `module gno.land/r/mock/path`,
+		},
+	}
+
+	webclient := gnoweb.NewMockWebClient(mockPackage)
+	config := gnoweb.WebHandlerConfig{
+		WebClient: webclient,
+	}
+
+	logger := slog.New(slog.NewTextHandler(&testingLogger{t}, &slog.HandlerOptions{}))
+	handler, err := gnoweb.NewWebHandler(logger, config)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to create WebHandler")
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, mockPath, nil)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to create HTTP request")
+
+	rr := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	handler.ServeHTTP(rr, req)
+
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNoContent, rr.Code, "unexpected status code")
+	assert.Containsf(t, rr.Body.String(), "", "rendered body should contain: %q", "No Render")
+	assert.Containsf(t, rr.Body.String(), "", "rendered body should contain: %q", "This realm does not implement a Render() function.")
+}
diff --git a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/webclient.go b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/webclient.go
index de44303f352..1def3bc3812 100644
--- a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/webclient.go
+++ b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/webclient.go
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 
 var (
 	ErrClientPathNotFound = errors.New("package not found")
+	ErrRenderNotDeclared  = errors.New("render function not declared")
 	ErrClientBadRequest   = errors.New("bad request")
 	ErrClientResponse     = errors.New("node response error")
 )
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ type RealmMeta struct {
 	Toc md.Toc
 }
 
-// WebClient is an interface for interacting with package and node ressources.
+// WebClient is an interface for interacting with package and node resources.
 type WebClient interface {
 	// RenderRealm renders the content of a realm from a given path and
 	// arguments into the giver `writer`. The method should ensures the rendered
diff --git a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/webclient_html.go b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/webclient_html.go
index d856c6f87a0..c04a7f9e457 100644
--- a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/webclient_html.go
+++ b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/webclient_html.go
@@ -177,6 +177,7 @@ func (s *HTMLWebClient) RenderRealm(w io.Writer, pkgPath string, args string) (*
 
 	pkgPath = strings.Trim(pkgPath, "/")
 	data := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s:%s", s.domain, pkgPath, args)
+
 	rawres, err := s.query(qpath, []byte(data))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -213,6 +214,10 @@ func (s *HTMLWebClient) query(qpath string, data []byte) ([]byte, error) {
 			return nil, ErrClientPathNotFound
 		}
 
+		if errors.Is(err, vm.NoRenderDeclError{}) {
+			return nil, ErrRenderNotDeclared
+		}
+
 		s.logger.Error("response error", "path", qpath, "log", qres.Response.Log)
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrClientResponse, err.Error())
 	}
diff --git a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/webclient_mock.go b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/webclient_mock.go
index 451f5e237c3..8a037c181e0 100644
--- a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/webclient_mock.go
+++ b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/webclient_mock.go
@@ -31,13 +31,18 @@ func NewMockWebClient(pkgs ...*MockPackage) *MockWebClient {
 	return &MockWebClient{Packages: mpkgs}
 }
 
-// Render simulates rendering a package by writing its content to the writer.
+// RenderRealm simulates rendering a package by writing its content to the writer.
 func (m *MockWebClient) RenderRealm(w io.Writer, path string, args string) (*RealmMeta, error) {
 	pkg, exists := m.Packages[path]
 	if !exists {
 		return nil, ErrClientPathNotFound
 	}
 
+	if !pkgHasRender(pkg) {
+		return nil, ErrRenderNotDeclared
+	}
+
+	// Write to the realm render
 	fmt.Fprintf(w, "[%s]%s:", pkg.Domain, pkg.Path)
 
 	// Return a dummy RealmMeta for simplicity
@@ -89,3 +94,21 @@ func (m *MockWebClient) Sources(path string) ([]string, error) {
 
 	return fileNames, nil
 }
+
+func pkgHasRender(pkg *MockPackage) bool {
+	if len(pkg.Functions) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	for _, fn := range pkg.Functions {
+		if fn.FuncName == "Render" &&
+			len(fn.Params) == 1 &&
+			len(fn.Results) == 1 &&
+			fn.Params[0].Type == "string" &&
+			fn.Results[0].Type == "string" {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
diff --git a/gno.land/pkg/sdk/vm/errors.go b/gno.land/pkg/sdk/vm/errors.go
index c8d6da98970..208fb074f7e 100644
--- a/gno.land/pkg/sdk/vm/errors.go
+++ b/gno.land/pkg/sdk/vm/errors.go
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ func (abciError) AssertABCIError() {}
 // NOTE: these are meant to be used in conjunction with pkgs/errors.
 type (
 	InvalidPkgPathError   struct{ abciError }
+	NoRenderDeclError     struct{ abciError }
 	PkgExistError         struct{ abciError }
 	InvalidStmtError      struct{ abciError }
 	InvalidExprError      struct{ abciError }
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ type (
 )
 
 func (e InvalidPkgPathError) Error() string   { return "invalid package path" }
+func (e NoRenderDeclError) Error() string     { return "render function not declared" }
 func (e PkgExistError) Error() string         { return "package already exists" }
 func (e InvalidStmtError) Error() string      { return "invalid statement" }
 func (e InvalidExprError) Error() string      { return "invalid expression" }
diff --git a/gno.land/pkg/sdk/vm/handler.go b/gno.land/pkg/sdk/vm/handler.go
index c484e07e887..5aebf1afe46 100644
--- a/gno.land/pkg/sdk/vm/handler.go
+++ b/gno.land/pkg/sdk/vm/handler.go
@@ -129,9 +129,13 @@ func (vh vmHandler) queryRender(ctx sdk.Context, req abci.RequestQuery) (res abc
 	expr := fmt.Sprintf("Render(%q)", path)
 	result, err := vh.vm.QueryEvalString(ctx, pkgPath, expr)
 	if err != nil {
+		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "Render not declared") {
+			err = NoRenderDeclError{}
+		}
 		res = sdk.ABCIResponseQueryFromError(err)
 		return
 	}
+
 	res.Data = []byte(result)
 	return
 }
diff --git a/gno.land/pkg/sdk/vm/package.go b/gno.land/pkg/sdk/vm/package.go
index 0359061ccea..95e97648dac 100644
--- a/gno.land/pkg/sdk/vm/package.go
+++ b/gno.land/pkg/sdk/vm/package.go
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ var Package = amino.RegisterPackage(amino.NewPackage(
 
 	// errors
 	InvalidPkgPathError{}, "InvalidPkgPathError",
+	NoRenderDeclError{}, "NoRenderDeclError",
 	PkgExistError{}, "PkgExistError",
 	InvalidStmtError{}, "InvalidStmtError",
 	InvalidExprError{}, "InvalidExprError",

From 533ae676090c26bc6c9efc81aec5322f10d05e90 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Leon Hudak <33522493+leohhhn@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 29 Jan 2025 11:51:50 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 5/9] fix(gnoweb): NoRender response & test (#3634)

## Description

Changes the NoRender response to 200, since 204 does not allow for
content body. Also fixes a test that didn't catch this.
---
 gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/app_test.go     | 2 +-
 gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler.go      | 2 +-
 gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler_test.go | 6 +++---
 3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/app_test.go b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/app_test.go
index eb17ee4d0e9..ce10cae12d5 100644
--- a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/app_test.go
+++ b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/app_test.go
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func TestRoutes(t *testing.T) {
 		{"/game-of-realms", found, "/contribute"},
 		{"/gor", found, "/contribute"},
 		{"/blog", found, "/r/gnoland/blog"},
-		{"/r/docs/optional_render", http.StatusNoContent, "No Render"},
+		{"/r/docs/optional_render", http.StatusOK, "No Render"},
 		{"/r/not/found/", notFound, ""},
 		{"/404/not/found", notFound, ""},
 		{"/아스키문자가아닌경로", notFound, ""},
diff --git a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler.go b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler.go
index 822fd50fa1b..ac39f4ce0f9 100644
--- a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler.go
+++ b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler.go
@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ func (h *WebHandler) GetRealmView(gnourl *GnoURL) (int, *components.View) {
 	meta, err := h.Client.RenderRealm(&content, gnourl.Path, gnourl.EncodeArgs())
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, ErrRenderNotDeclared) {
-			return http.StatusNoContent, components.StatusNoRenderComponent(gnourl.Path)
+			return http.StatusOK, components.StatusNoRenderComponent(gnourl.Path)
 		}
 
 		h.Logger.Error("unable to render realm", "error", err, "path", gnourl.EncodeURL())
diff --git a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler_test.go b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler_test.go
index e85434a6f41..8321ad24be2 100644
--- a/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler_test.go
+++ b/gno.land/pkg/gnoweb/handler_test.go
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ func TestWebHandler_NoRender(t *testing.T) {
 	rr := httptest.NewRecorder()
 	handler.ServeHTTP(rr, req)
 
-	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusNoContent, rr.Code, "unexpected status code")
-	assert.Containsf(t, rr.Body.String(), "", "rendered body should contain: %q", "No Render")
-	assert.Containsf(t, rr.Body.String(), "", "rendered body should contain: %q", "This realm does not implement a Render() function.")
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, rr.Code, "unexpected status code")
+	expectedBody := "This realm does not implement a Render() function."
+	assert.Contains(t, rr.Body.String(), expectedBody, "rendered body should contain: %q", expectedBody)
 }

From 15d119fbf21817bd667b9107966a10502e09f605 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Antoine Eddi <5222525+aeddi@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 29 Jan 2025 14:21:07 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 6/9] feat: optimize jitter factor calculation (#3629)

---
 tm2/pkg/p2p/switch.go      | 90 ++++++++++++++++++++------------------
 tm2/pkg/p2p/switch_test.go | 67 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 114 insertions(+), 43 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tm2/pkg/p2p/switch.go b/tm2/pkg/p2p/switch.go
index 0dd087026dd..7d9e768dd4b 100644
--- a/tm2/pkg/p2p/switch.go
+++ b/tm2/pkg/p2p/switch.go
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 package p2p
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"crypto/rand"
+	"encoding/binary"
 	"fmt"
 	"math"
-	"math/big"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
@@ -356,7 +357,7 @@ func (sw *MultiplexSwitch) runRedialLoop(ctx context.Context) {
 
 	type backoffItem struct {
 		lastDialTime time.Time
-		attempts     int
+		attempts     uint
 	}
 
 	var (
@@ -482,65 +483,68 @@ func (sw *MultiplexSwitch) runRedialLoop(ctx context.Context) {
 	}
 }
 
-// calculateBackoff calculates a backoff time,
-// based on the number of attempts and range limits
+// calculateBackoff calculates the backoff interval by exponentiating the base interval
+// by the number of attempts. The returned interval is capped at maxInterval and has a
+// jitter factor applied to it (+/- 10% of interval, max 10 sec).
 func calculateBackoff(
-	attempts int,
-	minTimeout time.Duration,
-	maxTimeout time.Duration,
+	attempts uint,
+	baseInterval time.Duration,
+	maxInterval time.Duration,
 ) time.Duration {
-	var (
-		minTime    = time.Second * 1
-		maxTime    = time.Second * 60
-		multiplier = float64(2) // exponential
+	const (
+		defaultBaseInterval = time.Second * 1
+		defaultMaxInterval  = time.Second * 60
 	)
 
-	// Check the min limit
-	if minTimeout > 0 {
-		minTime = minTimeout
+	// Sanitize base interval parameter.
+	if baseInterval <= 0 {
+		baseInterval = defaultBaseInterval
 	}
 
-	// Check the max limit
-	if maxTimeout > 0 {
-		maxTime = maxTimeout
+	// Sanitize max interval parameter.
+	if maxInterval <= 0 {
+		maxInterval = defaultMaxInterval
 	}
 
-	// Sanity check the range
-	if minTime >= maxTime {
-		return maxTime
+	// Calculate the interval by exponentiating the base interval by the number of attempts.
+	interval := baseInterval << attempts
+
+	// Cap the interval to the maximum interval.
+	if interval > maxInterval {
+		interval = maxInterval
 	}
 
-	// Calculate the backoff duration
-	var (
-		base       = float64(minTime)
-		calculated = base * math.Pow(multiplier, float64(attempts))
-	)
+	// Below is the code to add a jitter factor to the interval.
+	// Read random bytes into an 8 bytes buffer (size of an int64).
+	var randBytes [8]byte
+	if _, err := rand.Read(randBytes[:]); err != nil {
+		return interval
+	}
 
-	// Attempt to calculate the jitter factor
-	n, err := rand.Int(rand.Reader, big.NewInt(math.MaxInt64))
-	if err == nil {
-		jitterFactor := float64(n.Int64()) / float64(math.MaxInt64) // range [0, 1]
+	// Convert the random bytes to an int64.
+	var randInt64 int64
+	_ = binary.Read(bytes.NewReader(randBytes[:]), binary.NativeEndian, &randInt64)
 
-		calculated = jitterFactor*(calculated-base) + base
-	}
+	// Calculate the random jitter multiplier (float between -1 and 1).
+	jitterMultiplier := float64(randInt64) / float64(math.MaxInt64)
 
-	// Prevent overflow for int64 (duration) cast
-	if calculated > float64(math.MaxInt64) {
-		return maxTime
-	}
+	const (
+		maxJitterDuration   = 10 * time.Second
+		maxJitterPercentage = 10 // 10%
+	)
 
-	duration := time.Duration(calculated)
+	// Calculate the maximum jitter based on interval percentage.
+	maxJitter := interval * maxJitterPercentage / 100
 
-	// Clamp the duration within bounds
-	if duration < minTime {
-		return minTime
+	// Cap the maximum jitter to the maximum duration.
+	if maxJitter > maxJitterDuration {
+		maxJitter = maxJitterDuration
 	}
 
-	if duration > maxTime {
-		return maxTime
-	}
+	// Calculate the jitter.
+	jitter := time.Duration(float64(maxJitter) * jitterMultiplier)
 
-	return duration
+	return interval + jitter
 }
 
 // DialPeers adds the peers to the dial queue for async dialing.
diff --git a/tm2/pkg/p2p/switch_test.go b/tm2/pkg/p2p/switch_test.go
index 19a5db2efa5..cf0a0c41bb5 100644
--- a/tm2/pkg/p2p/switch_test.go
+++ b/tm2/pkg/p2p/switch_test.go
@@ -823,3 +823,70 @@ func TestMultiplexSwitch_DialPeers(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 }
+
+func TestCalculateBackoff(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	checkJitterRange := func(t *testing.T, expectedAbs, actual time.Duration) {
+		t.Helper()
+		require.LessOrEqual(t, actual, expectedAbs)
+		require.GreaterOrEqual(t, actual, expectedAbs*-1)
+	}
+
+	// Test that the default jitter factor is 10% of the backoff duration.
+	t.Run("percentage jitter", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
+			checkJitterRange(t, 100*time.Millisecond, calculateBackoff(0, time.Second, 10*time.Minute)-time.Second)
+			checkJitterRange(t, 200*time.Millisecond, calculateBackoff(1, time.Second, 10*time.Minute)-2*time.Second)
+			checkJitterRange(t, 400*time.Millisecond, calculateBackoff(2, time.Second, 10*time.Minute)-4*time.Second)
+			checkJitterRange(t, 800*time.Millisecond, calculateBackoff(3, time.Second, 10*time.Minute)-8*time.Second)
+			checkJitterRange(t, 1600*time.Millisecond, calculateBackoff(4, time.Second, 10*time.Minute)-16*time.Second)
+		}
+	})
+
+	// Test that the jitter factor is capped at 10 sec.
+	t.Run("capped jitter", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
+			checkJitterRange(t, 10*time.Second, calculateBackoff(7, time.Second, 10*time.Minute)-128*time.Second)
+			checkJitterRange(t, 10*time.Second, calculateBackoff(10, time.Second, 20*time.Minute)-1024*time.Second)
+			checkJitterRange(t, 10*time.Second, calculateBackoff(20, time.Second, 300*time.Hour)-1048576*time.Second)
+		}
+	})
+
+	// Test that the backoff interval is based on the baseInterval.
+	t.Run("base interval", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
+			checkJitterRange(t, 4800*time.Millisecond, calculateBackoff(4, 3*time.Second, 10*time.Minute)-48*time.Second)
+			checkJitterRange(t, 8*time.Second, calculateBackoff(3, 10*time.Second, 10*time.Minute)-80*time.Second)
+			checkJitterRange(t, 10*time.Second, calculateBackoff(5, 3*time.Hour, 100*time.Hour)-96*time.Hour)
+		}
+	})
+
+	// Test that the backoff interval is capped at maxInterval +/- jitter factor.
+	t.Run("max interval", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
+			checkJitterRange(t, 100*time.Millisecond, calculateBackoff(10, 10*time.Hour, time.Second)-time.Second)
+			checkJitterRange(t, 1600*time.Millisecond, calculateBackoff(10, 10*time.Hour, 16*time.Second)-16*time.Second)
+			checkJitterRange(t, 10*time.Second, calculateBackoff(10, 10*time.Hour, 128*time.Second)-128*time.Second)
+		}
+	})
+
+	// Test parameters sanitization for base and max intervals.
+	t.Run("parameters sanitization", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+
+		for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
+			checkJitterRange(t, 100*time.Millisecond, calculateBackoff(0, -10, -10)-time.Second)
+			checkJitterRange(t, 1600*time.Millisecond, calculateBackoff(4, -10, -10)-16*time.Second)
+			checkJitterRange(t, 10*time.Second, calculateBackoff(7, -10, 10*time.Minute)-128*time.Second)
+		}
+	})
+}

From b392287f0d2c8262b5a020cd045b79a16ccb41fd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Manfred Touron <94029+moul@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 29 Jan 2025 17:53:57 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 7/9] feat: gno mod graph (#3588)

Basic initial version compatible with `go mod graph` in terms of output,
while allowing the specification of folders through an optional
argument.

- [x] implement
- [x] tests
- [x] share examples

Depends on #3587

---------

Signed-off-by: moul <94029+moul@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 gnovm/cmd/gno/mod.go      | 49 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
 gnovm/cmd/gno/mod_test.go | 28 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 76 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/gnovm/cmd/gno/mod.go b/gnovm/cmd/gno/mod.go
index f303908d8ee..e394684561f 100644
--- a/gnovm/cmd/gno/mod.go
+++ b/gnovm/cmd/gno/mod.go
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func newModCmd(io commands.IO) *commands.Command {
 	cmd.AddSubCommands(
 		newModDownloadCmd(io),
 		// edit
-		// graph
+		newModGraphCmd(io),
 		newModInitCmd(),
 		newModTidy(io),
 		// vendor
@@ -61,6 +61,21 @@ func newModDownloadCmd(io commands.IO) *commands.Command {
 	)
 }
 
+func newModGraphCmd(io commands.IO) *commands.Command {
+	cfg := &modGraphCfg{}
+	return commands.NewCommand(
+		commands.Metadata{
+			Name:       "graph",
+			ShortUsage: "graph [path]",
+			ShortHelp:  "print module requirement graph",
+		},
+		cfg,
+		func(_ context.Context, args []string) error {
+			return execModGraph(cfg, args, io)
+		},
+	)
+}
+
 func newModInitCmd() *commands.Command {
 	return commands.NewCommand(
 		commands.Metadata{
@@ -144,6 +159,38 @@ func (c *modDownloadCfg) RegisterFlags(fs *flag.FlagSet) {
 	)
 }
 
+type modGraphCfg struct{}
+
+func (c *modGraphCfg) RegisterFlags(fs *flag.FlagSet) {
+	// /out std
+	// /out remote
+	// /out _test processing
+	// ...
+}
+
+func execModGraph(cfg *modGraphCfg, args []string, io commands.IO) error {
+	// default to current directory if no args provided
+	if len(args) == 0 {
+		args = []string{"."}
+	}
+	if len(args) > 1 {
+		return flag.ErrHelp
+	}
+
+	stdout := io.Out()
+
+	pkgs, err := gnomod.ListPkgs(args[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	for _, pkg := range pkgs {
+		for _, dep := range pkg.Imports {
+			fmt.Fprintf(stdout, "%s %s\n", pkg.Name, dep)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func execModDownload(cfg *modDownloadCfg, args []string, io commands.IO) error {
 	if len(args) > 0 {
 		return flag.ErrHelp
diff --git a/gnovm/cmd/gno/mod_test.go b/gnovm/cmd/gno/mod_test.go
index afce25597cd..e6fdce50a86 100644
--- a/gnovm/cmd/gno/mod_test.go
+++ b/gnovm/cmd/gno/mod_test.go
@@ -210,6 +210,34 @@ func TestModApp(t *testing.T) {
 
 # gno.land/p/demo/avl
 valid.gno
+`,
+		},
+
+		// test `gno mod graph`
+		{
+			args:                 []string{"mod", "graph"},
+			testDir:              "../../tests/integ/minimalist_gnomod",
+			simulateExternalRepo: true,
+			stdoutShouldBe:       ``,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                 []string{"mod", "graph"},
+			testDir:              "../../tests/integ/valid1",
+			simulateExternalRepo: true,
+			stdoutShouldBe:       ``,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                 []string{"mod", "graph"},
+			testDir:              "../../tests/integ/valid2",
+			simulateExternalRepo: true,
+			stdoutShouldBe: `gno.land/p/integ/valid gno.land/p/demo/avl
+`,
+		},
+		{
+			args:                 []string{"mod", "graph"},
+			testDir:              "../../tests/integ/require_remote_module",
+			simulateExternalRepo: true,
+			stdoutShouldBe: `gno.land/tests/importavl gno.land/p/demo/avl
 `,
 		},
 	}

From 57da32437daa07a76e9478b1704832c0a211cfd2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Jeff Thompson <jeff@thefirst.org>
Date: Thu, 30 Jan 2025 17:51:43 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 8/9] chore: Trigger CI tests on changes to the main go.mod
 (#3648)

Resolves https://github.com/gnolang/gno/issues/3312

After a dependabot commit, the dependabot-tidy workflow [runs `make
tidy`](https://github.com/gnolang/gno/blob/b392287f0d2c8262b5a020cd045b79a16ccb41fd/.github/workflows/dependabot-tidy.yml#L33).
This changes `go.mod` in the subfolders of various tools, but these do
not trigger the main CI test workflows. However, note that `make tidy`
often also changes the main `go.mod` file. In this case, and other
cases, it makes sense that a change in the main `go.mod` file should
trigger the testing workflows since a change to dependency versions
could effect test results.

This PR updates workflow yml files for the global tests to trigger on a
change the main `go.mod` file.

(Thanks to feedback from @zivkovicmilos.)

Signed-off-by: Jeff Thompson <jeff@thefirst.org>
---
 .github/workflows/gnoland.yml | 3 +++
 .github/workflows/gnovm.yml   | 3 +++
 .github/workflows/tm2.yml     | 3 +++
 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/gnoland.yml b/.github/workflows/gnoland.yml
index b02e7b364e6..c4bc26a45fc 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/gnoland.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/gnoland.yml
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ on:
       # Changes to examples/ can create failures in gno.land, eg. txtars,
       # see: https://github.com/gnolang/gno/pull/3590
       - examples/**
+      # We trigger the testing workflow for changes to the main go.mod,
+      # since this can affect test results
+      - go.mod
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 jobs:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/gnovm.yml b/.github/workflows/gnovm.yml
index 7a015b74e09..08b0b66c4e8 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/gnovm.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/gnovm.yml
@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ on:
     paths:
       - gnovm/**
       - tm2/** # GnoVM has a dependency on TM2 types
+      # We trigger the testing workflow for changes to the main go.mod,
+      # since this can affect test results
+      - go.mod
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 jobs:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/tm2.yml b/.github/workflows/tm2.yml
index 757391eab8c..d2157eb8828 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/tm2.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/tm2.yml
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ on:
   pull_request:
     paths:
       - tm2/**
+      # We trigger the testing workflow for changes to the main go.mod,
+      # since this can affect test results
+      - go.mod
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 jobs:

From d3774cefc766b6e5a9b464e4974e484a876408e9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: 0xtekgrinder <72015889+0xtekgrinder@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 31 Jan 2025 09:04:56 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 9/9] feat: ownable2step realm (#3594)

Addresses: #3520

Add a ownable variant realm to have a transfer of ownership with two
functions where the new owner needs to accept ownership to be sure no
mistake can be made.

---------

Co-authored-by: Leon Hudak <33522493+leohhhn@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .../p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/errors.gno    |  10 ++
 .../p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/gno.mod       |   1 +
 .../p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/ownable.gno   |  98 +++++++++++
 .../ownable2step/ownable_test.gno             | 156 ++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 265 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/errors.gno
 create mode 100644 examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/gno.mod
 create mode 100644 examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/ownable.gno
 create mode 100644 examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/ownable_test.gno

diff --git a/examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/errors.gno b/examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/errors.gno
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6d91c9eb24b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/errors.gno
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+package ownable2step
+
+import "errors"
+
+var (
+	ErrNoPendingOwner      = errors.New("ownable2step: no pending owner")
+	ErrUnauthorized        = errors.New("ownable2step: caller is not owner")
+	ErrPendingUnauthorized = errors.New("ownable2step: caller is not pending owner")
+	ErrInvalidAddress      = errors.New("ownable2step: new owner address is invalid")
+)
diff --git a/examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/gno.mod b/examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/gno.mod
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0132a03418c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/gno.mod
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+module gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step
diff --git a/examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/ownable.gno b/examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/ownable.gno
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..43afa1cd141
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/ownable.gno
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+package ownable2step
+
+import (
+	"std"
+)
+
+const OwnershipTransferEvent = "OwnershipTransfer"
+
+// Ownable2Step is a two-step ownership transfer package
+// It allows the current owner to set a new owner and the new owner will need to accept the ownership before it is transferred
+type Ownable2Step struct {
+	owner        std.Address
+	pendingOwner std.Address
+}
+
+func New() *Ownable2Step {
+	return &Ownable2Step{
+		owner:        std.PrevRealm().Addr(),
+		pendingOwner: "",
+	}
+}
+
+func NewWithAddress(addr std.Address) *Ownable2Step {
+	return &Ownable2Step{
+		owner:        addr,
+		pendingOwner: "",
+	}
+}
+
+// TransferOwnership initiate the transfer of the ownership to a new address by setting the PendingOwner
+func (o *Ownable2Step) TransferOwnership(newOwner std.Address) error {
+	if !o.CallerIsOwner() {
+		return ErrUnauthorized
+	}
+	if !newOwner.IsValid() {
+		return ErrInvalidAddress
+	}
+
+	o.pendingOwner = newOwner
+	return nil
+}
+
+// AcceptOwnership accepts the pending ownership transfer
+func (o *Ownable2Step) AcceptOwnership() error {
+	if o.pendingOwner.String() == "" {
+		return ErrNoPendingOwner
+	}
+	if std.PrevRealm().Addr() != o.pendingOwner {
+		return ErrPendingUnauthorized
+	}
+
+	o.owner = o.pendingOwner
+	o.pendingOwner = ""
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// DropOwnership removes the owner, effectively disabling any owner-related actions
+// Top-level usage: disables all only-owner actions/functions,
+// Embedded usage: behaves like a burn functionality, removing the owner from the struct
+func (o *Ownable2Step) DropOwnership() error {
+	if !o.CallerIsOwner() {
+		return ErrUnauthorized
+	}
+
+	prevOwner := o.owner
+	o.owner = ""
+
+	std.Emit(
+		OwnershipTransferEvent,
+		"from", prevOwner.String(),
+		"to", "",
+	)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Owner returns the owner address from Ownable
+func (o *Ownable2Step) Owner() std.Address {
+	return o.owner
+}
+
+// PendingOwner returns the pending owner address from Ownable2Step
+func (o *Ownable2Step) PendingOwner() std.Address {
+	return o.pendingOwner
+}
+
+// CallerIsOwner checks if the caller of the function is the Realm's owner
+func (o *Ownable2Step) CallerIsOwner() bool {
+	return std.PrevRealm().Addr() == o.owner
+}
+
+// AssertCallerIsOwner panics if the caller is not the owner
+func (o *Ownable2Step) AssertCallerIsOwner() {
+	if std.PrevRealm().Addr() != o.owner {
+		panic(ErrUnauthorized)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/ownable_test.gno b/examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/ownable_test.gno
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4cca03b6ef5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/gno.land/p/oxtekgrinder/ownable2step/ownable_test.gno
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+package ownable2step
+
+import (
+	"std"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gno.land/p/demo/testutils"
+	"gno.land/p/demo/uassert"
+	"gno.land/p/demo/urequire"
+)
+
+var (
+	alice = testutils.TestAddress("alice")
+	bob   = testutils.TestAddress("bob")
+)
+
+func TestNew(t *testing.T) {
+	std.TestSetRealm(std.NewUserRealm(alice))
+	std.TestSetOrigCaller(alice)
+
+	o := New()
+	got := o.Owner()
+	pendingOwner := o.PendingOwner()
+
+	uassert.Equal(t, got, alice)
+	uassert.Equal(t, pendingOwner.String(), "")
+}
+
+func TestNewWithAddress(t *testing.T) {
+	o := NewWithAddress(alice)
+
+	got := o.Owner()
+	pendingOwner := o.PendingOwner()
+
+	uassert.Equal(t, got, alice)
+	uassert.Equal(t, pendingOwner.String(), "")
+}
+
+func TestInitiateTransferOwnership(t *testing.T) {
+	std.TestSetRealm(std.NewUserRealm(alice))
+	std.TestSetOrigCaller(alice)
+
+	o := New()
+
+	err := o.TransferOwnership(bob)
+	urequire.NoError(t, err)
+
+	owner := o.Owner()
+	pendingOwner := o.PendingOwner()
+
+	uassert.Equal(t, owner, alice)
+	uassert.Equal(t, pendingOwner, bob)
+}
+
+func TestTransferOwnership(t *testing.T) {
+	std.TestSetRealm(std.NewUserRealm(alice))
+	std.TestSetOrigCaller(alice)
+
+	o := New()
+
+	err := o.TransferOwnership(bob)
+	urequire.NoError(t, err)
+
+	owner := o.Owner()
+	pendingOwner := o.PendingOwner()
+
+	uassert.Equal(t, owner, alice)
+	uassert.Equal(t, pendingOwner, bob)
+
+	std.TestSetRealm(std.NewUserRealm(bob))
+	std.TestSetOrigCaller(bob)
+
+	err = o.AcceptOwnership()
+	urequire.NoError(t, err)
+
+	owner = o.Owner()
+	pendingOwner = o.PendingOwner()
+
+	uassert.Equal(t, owner, bob)
+	uassert.Equal(t, pendingOwner.String(), "")
+}
+
+func TestCallerIsOwner(t *testing.T) {
+	std.TestSetRealm(std.NewUserRealm(alice))
+	std.TestSetOrigCaller(alice)
+
+	o := New()
+	unauthorizedCaller := bob
+
+	std.TestSetRealm(std.NewUserRealm(unauthorizedCaller))
+	std.TestSetOrigCaller(unauthorizedCaller)
+
+	uassert.False(t, o.CallerIsOwner())
+}
+
+func TestDropOwnership(t *testing.T) {
+	std.TestSetRealm(std.NewUserRealm(alice))
+
+	o := New()
+
+	err := o.DropOwnership()
+	urequire.NoError(t, err, "DropOwnership failed")
+
+	owner := o.Owner()
+	uassert.Empty(t, owner, "owner should be empty")
+}
+
+// Errors
+
+func TestErrUnauthorized(t *testing.T) {
+	std.TestSetRealm(std.NewUserRealm(alice))
+	std.TestSetOrigCaller(alice)
+
+	o := New()
+
+	std.TestSetRealm(std.NewUserRealm(bob))
+	std.TestSetOrigCaller(bob)
+
+	uassert.ErrorContains(t, o.TransferOwnership(alice), ErrUnauthorized.Error())
+	uassert.ErrorContains(t, o.DropOwnership(), ErrUnauthorized.Error())
+}
+
+func TestErrInvalidAddress(t *testing.T) {
+	std.TestSetRealm(std.NewUserRealm(alice))
+
+	o := New()
+
+	err := o.TransferOwnership("")
+	uassert.ErrorContains(t, err, ErrInvalidAddress.Error())
+
+	err = o.TransferOwnership("10000000001000000000100000000010000000001000000000")
+	uassert.ErrorContains(t, err, ErrInvalidAddress.Error())
+}
+
+func TestErrNoPendingOwner(t *testing.T) {
+	std.TestSetRealm(std.NewUserRealm(alice))
+
+	o := New()
+
+	err := o.AcceptOwnership()
+	uassert.ErrorContains(t, err, ErrNoPendingOwner.Error())
+}
+
+func TestErrPendingUnauthorized(t *testing.T) {
+	std.TestSetRealm(std.NewUserRealm(alice))
+
+	o := New()
+
+	err := o.TransferOwnership(bob)
+	urequire.NoError(t, err)
+
+	std.TestSetRealm(std.NewUserRealm(alice))
+
+	err = o.AcceptOwnership()
+	uassert.ErrorContains(t, err, ErrPendingUnauthorized.Error())
+}