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四、部署ETCD集群.md

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etcd 是基于 Raft 的分布式 KV 存储系统，由 CoreOS 开发，常用于服务发现、共享配置以及并发控制（如 leader 选举、分布式锁等） kubernetes 使用 etcd 集群持久化存储所有 API 对象、运行数据。

  • etcd 集群节点名称和 IP 如下：
主机名 IP
k8s-master1 192.168.66.62
k8s-master2 192.168.66.63
k8s-master3 192.168.66.64

1、下载和分发 etcd 二进制文件

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cd /opt/k8s/work/
[root@k8s-master1 work]# mkdir -p etcd && cd etcd

[root@k8s-master1 work]# export etcdVer=3.5.5
# https://ghproxy.com为国内免费GitHub代理
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# wget https://ghproxy.com/https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v${etcdVer}/etcd-v${etcdVer}-linux-amd64.tar.gz

[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# tar -zxvf etcd-v${etcdVer}-linux-amd64.tar.gz

[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# for node_ip in ${ETCD_IPS[@]}
  do
    echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
    scp etcd-v${etcdVer}-linux-amd64/etcd* root@${node_ip}:/opt/k8s/bin
    ssh root@${node_ip} "chmod +x /opt/k8s/bin/*"
  done

2、创建 etcd 证书和私钥

2.1：创建证书签名请求

  • 注意： 这里的IP地址一定要根据自己的实际ETCD集群IP填写；不然有可能会出现error "remote error: tls: bad certificate", ServerName ""的错误
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cd /opt/k8s/work/etcd
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# mkdir -p cert && cd cert/

# 定义etcd节点IP地址
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# export etcd01=192.168.66.62
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# export etcd02=192.168.66.63
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# export etcd03=192.168.66.64

[root@k8s-master1 cert]# cat > etcd-csr.json <<EOF
{
  "CN": "etcd",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "${etcd01}",
    "${etcd02}",
    "${etcd03}"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "Beijing",
      "L": "Beijing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "dqz"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

2.2：生成证书和私钥

[root@k8s-master1 cert]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/k8s/work/ca/ca.pem \
    -ca-key=/opt/k8s/work/ca/ca-key.pem \
    -config=/opt/k8s/work/ca/ca-config.json \
    -profile=kubernetes etcd-csr.json | cfssljson -bare etcd

[root@k8s-master1 work]# ls etcd*pem
etcd-key.pem  etcd.pem

2.3：分发证书和私钥至各etcd节点

[root@k8s-master1 cert]# for node_ip in ${ETCD_IPS[@]}
  do
    echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
    ssh root@${node_ip} "mkdir -p /etc/etcd/cert"
    scp etcd*.pem root@${node_ip}:/etc/etcd/cert/
  done

3、创建 etcd 的 systemd unit 模板文件

[root@k8s-master1 ~]# mkdir -p /opt/k8s/work/service-template
[root@k8s-master1 ~]# cd /opt/k8s/work/service-template
[root@k8s-master1 service-template]# mkdir -p etcd && cd etcd
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# cat > etcd.service.template <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
Documentation=https://github.com/coreos

[Service]
Type=notify
WorkingDirectory=${ETCD_DATA_DIR}
ExecStart=/opt/k8s/bin/etcd \\
  --data-dir=${ETCD_DATA_DIR} \\
  --wal-dir=${ETCD_WAL_DIR} \\
  --name=##ETCD_NAME## \\
  --cert-file=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem \\
  --key-file=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem \\
  --trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem \\
  --peer-cert-file=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem \\
  --peer-key-file=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem \\
  --peer-trusted-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem \\
  --peer-client-cert-auth \\
  --client-cert-auth \\
  --listen-peer-urls=https://##ETCD_IP##:2380 \\
  --initial-advertise-peer-urls=https://##ETCD_IP##:2380 \\
  --listen-client-urls=https://##ETCD_IP##:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379 \\
  --advertise-client-urls=https://##ETCD_IP##:2379 \\
  --initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster-0 \\
  --initial-cluster=${ETCD_NODES} \\
  --initial-cluster-state=new \\
  --auto-compaction-mode=periodic \\
  --auto-compaction-retention=1 \\
  --max-request-bytes=33554432 \\
  --quota-backend-bytes=6442450944 \\
  --heartbeat-interval=250 \\
  --election-timeout=2000
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
  • WorkingDirectory、--data-dir：指定工作目录和数据目录为 ${ETCD_DATA_DIR}，需在启动服务前创建这个目录；
  • --wal-dir：指定 wal 目录，为了提高性能，一般使用 SSD 或者和 --data-dir 不同的磁盘；
  • --name：指定节点名称，当 --initial-cluster-state 值为 new 时，--name 的参数值必须位于 --initial-cluster 列表中；
  • --cert-file、--key-file：etcd server 与 client 通信时使用的证书和私钥；
  • --trusted-ca-file：签名 client 证书的 CA 证书，用于验证 client 证书；
  • --peer-cert-file、--peer-key-file：etcd 与 peer 通信使用的证书和私钥；
  • --peer-trusted-ca-file：签名 peer 证书的 CA 证书，用于验证 peer 证书

4、为各ETCD节点创建和分发 etcd systemd unit 文件

4.1：替换模板文件中的变量

[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# for (( i=0; i < 3; i++ ))
  do
    sed -e "s/##ETCD_NAME##/${ETCD_NAMES[i]}/" -e "s/##ETCD_IP##/${ETCD_IPS[i]}/" etcd.service.template > etcd-${ETCD_IPS[i]}.service 
  done

[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# ls *.service
etcd-192.168.66.62.service  etcd-192.168.66.63.service  etcd-192.168.66.64.service

4.2：分发生成的 systemd unit 文件

[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# for node_ip in ${ETCD_IPS[@]}
  do
    echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
    scp etcd-${node_ip}.service root@${node_ip}:/etc/systemd/system/etcd.service
  done

4.3：检查配置文件

[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# ls /etc/systemd/system/etcd.service 
/etc/systemd/system/etcd.service
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# vim /etc/systemd/system/etcd.service
  • 确认脚本文件中的IP地址和数据存储地址是否都正确

5、启动ETCD服务

  • etcd 进程首次启动时会等待其它节点的 etcd 加入集群，命令 systemctl start etcd 会卡住一段时间，为正常现象。
  • 注意： 有可能ETCD节点1启动失败，而另外2个节点启动成功，这是正常情况，请重启ETCD节点1即可
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# for node_ip in ${ETCD_IPS[@]}
  do
    echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
    ssh root@${node_ip} "mkdir -p ${ETCD_DATA_DIR} ${ETCD_WAL_DIR} && chmod 0700 /data/k8s/etcd/data"
    ssh root@${node_ip} "systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable etcd && systemctl restart etcd"
  done
  • 手动在master1节点运行启动ETCD服务
[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl enable etcd && systemctl restart etcd

6、检查启动结果

[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# for node_ip in ${ETCD_IPS[@]}
  do
    echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
    ssh root@${node_ip} "systemctl status etcd|grep Active"
  done

[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# for node_ip in ${ETCD_IPS[@]}
  do
    echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
    ssh root@${node_ip} "systemctl status etcd"
  done

7、验证服务状态

7.1：任一etcd节点执行以下命令

[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# for node_ip in ${ETCD_IPS[@]}
  do
    echo ">>> ${node_ip}"
    /opt/k8s/bin/etcdctl \
    --endpoints=https://${node_ip}:2379 \
    --cacert=/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem \
    --cert=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem \
    --key=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem endpoint health
  done

7.2：查看当前leader

[root@k8s-master1 etcd]# /opt/k8s/bin/etcdctl \
  -w table --cacert=/etc/kubernetes/cert/ca.pem \
  --cert=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd.pem \
  --key=/etc/etcd/cert/etcd-key.pem \
  --endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} endpoint status