Use Java 22's foreign function API for Windows

- Drop all existing mechanisms for retrieving this info on Windows
- This increases the required Java version of the library to 22

Fixes #49.

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -11,16 +11,17 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         os:
+          - windows-latest
           - ubuntu-latest
 
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
 
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Set up JDK 11
+      - name: Set up JDK 22
         uses: actions/setup-java@v2
         with:
-          java-version: '11'
-          distribution: 'adopt'
+          java-version: '22'
+          distribution: 'temurin'
       - name: Run tests
         run: sbt test

src/main/java/dev/dirs/impl/Windows.java

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+package dev.dirs.impl;
+
+import dev.dirs.Constants;
+
+import java.lang.foreign.AddressLayout;
+import java.lang.foreign.Arena;
+import java.lang.foreign.FunctionDescriptor;
+import java.lang.foreign.GroupLayout;
+import java.lang.foreign.Linker;
+import java.lang.foreign.MemoryLayout;
+import java.lang.foreign.MemorySegment;
+import java.lang.foreign.SymbolLookup;
+import java.lang.foreign.ValueLayout;
+import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
+
+import static dev.dirs.impl.Util.isNullOrEmpty;
+import static dev.dirs.impl.Util.stringLength;
+import static java.lang.foreign.ValueLayout.JAVA_BYTE;
+import static java.lang.foreign.ValueLayout.JAVA_CHAR;
+
+public final class Windows {
+
+	private Windows() {}
+
+	static {
+		if (Constants.operatingSystem == 'w') {
+			System.loadLibrary("ole32");
+			System.loadLibrary("shell32");
+		}
+	}
+
+	private static final SymbolLookup SYMBOL_LOOKUP = SymbolLookup.loaderLookup().or(Linker.nativeLinker().defaultLookup());
+	private static final ValueLayout.OfByte C_CHAR = ValueLayout.JAVA_BYTE;
+	private static final ValueLayout.OfShort C_SHORT = ValueLayout.JAVA_SHORT;
+	private static final AddressLayout C_POINTER = ValueLayout.ADDRESS
+			.withTargetLayout(MemoryLayout.sequenceLayout(java.lang.Long.MAX_VALUE, JAVA_BYTE));
+	private static final ValueLayout.OfInt C_LONG = ValueLayout.JAVA_INT;
+
+	public static String getProfileDir() {
+		return getDir("{5E6C858F-0E22-4760-9AFE-EA3317B67173}");
+	}
+
+	public static String getMusicDir() {
+		return getDir("{4BD8D571-6D19-48D3-BE97-422220080E43}");
+	}
+
+	public static String getDesktopDir() {
+		return getDir("{B4BFCC3A-DB2C-424C-B029-7FE99A87C641}");
+	}
+
+	public static String getDocumentsDir() {
+		return getDir("{FDD39AD0-238F-46AF-ADB4-6C85480369C7}");
+	}
+
+	public static String getDownloadsDir() {
+		return getDir("{374DE290-123F-4565-9164-39C4925E467B}");
+	}
+
+	public static String getPicturesDir() {
+		return getDir("{33E28130-4E1E-4676-835A-98395C3BC3BB}");
+	}
+
+	public static String getPublicDir() {
+		return getDir("{DFDF76A2-C82A-4D63-906A-5644AC457385}");
+	}
+
+	public static String getTemplatesDir() {
+		return getDir("{A63293E8-664E-48DB-A079-DF759E0509F7}");
+	}
+
+	public static String getVideosDir() {
+		return getDir("{18989B1D-99B5-455B-841C-AB7C74E4DDFC}");
+	}
+
+	public static String getRoamingAppDataDir() {
+		return getDir("{3EB685DB-65F9-4CF6-A03A-E3EF65729F3D}");
+	}
+
+	public static String getLocalAppDataDir() {
+		return getDir("{F1B32785-6FBA-4FCF-9D55-7B8E7F157091}");
+	}
+
+	public static String applicationPath(String qualifier, String organization, String application) {
+		StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(Math.max(stringLength(organization) + stringLength(application), 0));
+		boolean orgPresent = !isNullOrEmpty(organization);
+		boolean appPresent = !isNullOrEmpty(application);
+		if (orgPresent) {
+			buf.append(organization);
+			if (appPresent)
+				buf.append('\\');
+		}
+		if (appPresent)
+			buf.append(application);
+		return buf.toString();
+	}
+
+	private static String getDir(String folderId) {
+		try (var arena = Arena.ofConfined()) {
+			MemorySegment guidSegment = arena.allocate(GUID_LAYOUT);
+			if (CLSIDFromString(createSegmentFromString(folderId, arena), guidSegment) != 0) {
+				throw new AssertionError("failed converting string " + folderId + " to KnownFolderId");
+			}
+			MemorySegment path = arena.allocate(C_POINTER);
+			SHGetKnownFolderPath(guidSegment, 0, MemorySegment.NULL, path);
+			return createStringFromSegment(path.get(C_POINTER, 0));
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a memory segment as a copy of a Java string.
+	 * <p>
+	 * The memory segment contains a copy of the string (null-terminated, UTF-16/wide characters).
+	 * </p>
+	 *
+	 * @param str   the string to copy
+	 * @param arena the arena for the memory segment
+	 * @return the resulting memory segment
+	 */
+	private static MemorySegment createSegmentFromString(String str, Arena arena) {
+		// allocate segment (including space for terminating null)
+		var segment = arena.allocate(JAVA_CHAR, str.length() + 1L);
+		// copy characters
+		segment.copyFrom(MemorySegment.ofArray(str.toCharArray()));
+		return segment;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a copy of the string in the memory segment.
+	 * <p>
+	 * The string must be a null-terminated UTF-16 (wide character) string.
+	 * </p>
+	 *
+	 * @param segment the memory segment
+	 * @return copied string
+	 */
+	private static String createStringFromSegment(MemorySegment segment) {
+		var len = 0;
+		while (segment.get(JAVA_CHAR, len) != 0) {
+			len += 2;
+		}
+
+		return new String(segment.asSlice(0, len).toArray(JAVA_CHAR));
+	}
+
+	private static MemorySegment findOrThrow(String symbol) {
+		return SYMBOL_LOOKUP.find(symbol)
+				.orElseThrow(() -> new UnsatisfiedLinkError("unresolved symbol: " + symbol));
+	}
+
+	private static final GroupLayout GUID_LAYOUT = MemoryLayout.structLayout(
+					C_LONG.withName("Data1"),
+					C_SHORT.withName("Data2"),
+					C_SHORT.withName("Data3"),
+					MemoryLayout.sequenceLayout(8, C_CHAR).withName("Data4"))
+			.withName("_GUID");
+
+	/**
+	 * {@snippet lang=c :
+	 * extern HRESULT CLSIDFromString(LPCOLESTR lpsz, LPCLSID pclsid)
+	 * }
+	 */
+	private static int CLSIDFromString(MemorySegment lpsz, MemorySegment pclsid) {
+		var handle = CLSIDFromString.HANDLE;
+		try {
+			return (int) handle.invokeExact(lpsz, pclsid);
+		} catch (Throwable throwable) {
+			throw new AssertionError("failed to invoke `CLSIDFromString`", throwable);
+		}
+	}
+
+	private static class CLSIDFromString {
+		public static final FunctionDescriptor DESC = FunctionDescriptor.of(C_LONG, C_POINTER, C_POINTER);
+
+		public static final MethodHandle HANDLE = Linker.nativeLinker()
+				.downcallHandle(findOrThrow("CLSIDFromString"), DESC);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * {@snippet lang=c :
+	 * extern HRESULT SHGetKnownFolderPath(const KNOWNFOLDERID *const rfid, DWORD dwFlags, HANDLE hToken, PWSTR *ppszPath)
+	 * }
+	 */
+	private static int SHGetKnownFolderPath(MemorySegment rfid, int dwFlags, MemorySegment hToken, MemorySegment ppszPath) {
+		var handle = SHGetKnownFolderPath.HANDLE;
+		try {
+			return (int) handle.invokeExact(rfid, dwFlags, hToken, ppszPath);
+		} catch (Throwable throwable) {
+			throw new AssertionError("failed to invoke `SHGetKnownFolderPath`", throwable);
+		}
+	}
+
+	private static class SHGetKnownFolderPath {
+		public static final FunctionDescriptor DESC = FunctionDescriptor.of(C_LONG, C_POINTER, C_LONG, C_POINTER, C_POINTER);
+
+		public static final MethodHandle HANDLE = Linker.nativeLinker()
+				.downcallHandle(findOrThrow("SHGetKnownFolderPath"), DESC);
+	}
+
+}