Most of the interesting functionality is in the class RateLimitedTwitterEndpoint. The class is a wrapper around the (Twython wrapper around the) Twitter API that handles all of the details of rate limiting. It also robustly handles errors that occur when the Twitter servers are temporarily misbehaving.
Once you've created an instance of RateLimitedTwitterEndpoint, call:
endpoint.get_data(twitter_api_parameters)and get_data() will return the data from the Twitter API as soon as possible without violating the Twitter rate limits (and thus the TOS). This means that get_data() may block for up to 15 minutes. All of the classes used by RateLimitedTwitterEndpoint are thread safe.