Rat Class.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

class Rat{
private:
   int n;
   int d;
   
public:
   // constructors
   
   // default constructor
   Rat(){
      n=0;
      d=1;
   }
   
   // 2 parameter constructor
   Rat(int i, int j){
      n=i;
      d=j;
   }
   
   // conversion constructor
   Rat(int i){
      n=i;
      d=1;
   }
   
   //accessor functions (usually called get() and set(...) )
   int getN(){ return n;}
   int getD(){ return d;}
   
   void setN(int i){ n=i;}
   void setD(int i){ d=i;}
   
   //arithmetic operators
   Rat operator+(Rat r){
      Rat t;
      t.n = n*r.d + d*r.n;
      t.d = d*r.d;
      reduced(t);
      return t;
   }
   
   // Write the other 3 operators (operator-, operator*, operator/).
   Rat operator-(Rat r){
      Rat t;
      t.n=n*r.d-d*r.n;
      t.d = d*r.d;
      reduced(t);
      return t;
   }
   
   Rat operator*(Rat r){
   	Rat t;
   	t.n= n*r.n;
   	t.d= d*r.d;
   	reduced(t);
   	return t;
   	
   }
   
  Rat operator/(Rat r){
		Rat t;
		t.n=n*r.d;
		t.d=d*r.n;
		reduced(t);
		return t;
   }
   
   // Write a function to reduce the Rat to lowest terms, and then you can call this function from other functions.
   // Also make sure that the denominator is positive.  Rats should be printed in reduced form.
   void reduced(Rat& r){
   		int cd= gcd(r.n,r.d);
   		r.d=r.d/cd;
   		r.n=r.n/cd;
   }
   
   // Calculate the GCD (Euclid's algorithm)
   int gcd(int n, int d){
      return d == 0 ? n : gcd(d, n%d);
   }

   // 2 overloaded i/o operators
   friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, Rat r);
   friend istream& operator>>(istream& is, Rat& r);
}; //end Rat

// operator<<() is NOT a member function but since it was declared a friend of Rat
// it has access to its private parts.
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, Rat r){
   // Rewrite this function so that improper fractions are printed as mixed numbers.  For example:
   // 3/2 should be printed as 1 1/2
   // 1/2 should be printed as 1/2
   // 2/1 should be printed as 2
   // 0/1 should be printed as 0
   // Negative numbers should be printed the same way, but beginning with a minus sign
   int whole=0,remain=0;
   if(r.n==0){
   		os<<r.n;
   		return os;
   } 
   if(abs(r.n)>=r.d){
   	whole = r.n/r.d;
   	remain= r.n % r.d;
   		if(r.n%r.d==0){
   			os<<whole;
   		}else{
   			os<<whole<<" "<<remain<<"/"<<r.d;
   		}
   }else{
   		os<<r.n<<"/"<<r.d;
   }

   return os;
}

// operator>>() is NOT a member function but since it was declared a friend of Rat
// it has access to its private parts.
istream& operator>>(istream& is, Rat& r){
   is >> r.n >> r.d;
   return is;
}

int main() {
   Rat r1(5, 2), r2(3, 2);
   
   cout << "r1: " << r1 << endl;
   cout << "r2: " << r2 << endl;
   cout << "r1 + r2: " << r1 + r2 << endl;
   cout << "r1 - r2: " << r1 - r2 << endl;
   cout << "r1 * r2: " << r1 * r2 << endl;
   cout << "r1 / r2: " << r1 / r2 << endl;
   cout << endl;
   
   r1 = r2;
   r2 = r1 * r2;
   
   cout << "r1: " << r1 << endl;
   cout << "r2: " << r2 << endl;
   cout << "r1 + r2: " << r1 + r2 << endl;
   cout << "r1 - r2: " << r1 - r2 << endl;
   cout << "r1 * r2: " << r1 * r2 << endl;
   cout << "r1 / r2: " << r1 / r2 << endl;
   cout << endl;
   
   r1 = r2 + r1 * r2 / r1;
   r2 = r2 + r1 * r2 / r1;
   
   cout << "r1: " << r1 << endl;
   cout << "r2: " << r2 << endl;
   cout << "r1 + r2: " << r1 + r2 << endl;
   cout << "r1 - r2: " << r1 - r2 << endl;
   cout << "r1 * r2: " << r1 * r2 << endl;
   cout << "r1 / r2: " << r1 / r2 << endl;
   
   return 0;
}