Ansible Role - WireGuard Site-to-Site VPN

Role to deploy WireGuard Site-to-Site VPN setups.

Molecule Logs: Short, Full

Tested:

• Debian 11
• Raspbian 11
• Debian 12

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Install

# latest
ansible-galaxy role install git+https://github.com/ansibleguy/infra_wireguard

# from galaxy
ansible-galaxy install ansibleguy.infra_wireguard

# or to custom role-path
ansible-galaxy install ansibleguy.infra_wireguard --roles-path ./roles

# install dependencies
ansible-galaxy install -r requirements.yml
python3 -m pip install -r requirements.txt

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Contributing

Feel free to:

• Open PRs

• Start discussions

• Open issues => after checking out the troubleshooting guide below!

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Usage

Examples

Here some detailed config examples and their results:

• Topology - Single
• Topology - Star
• Topology - Mesh

Config

You can define your WireGuard topologies spanning multiple hosts or host-groups.

The role will filter the topologies to the ones the current target-host is a part of and configure those.

These peer-keys must match your ansible inventory-hostnames!

wireguard:
  restart_on_change: true  # allow the wg-services to be restarted on changes

  topologies:
    dc_nl:
      type: 'single'
      peers:
        srv02:
          Endpoint: 'srv02.wg.template.ansibleguy.net'
          Address: '10.100.0.1/30'

        srv03:
          Endpoint: 'srv03.wg.template.ansibleguy.net'
          Address: '10.100.0.2/30'

You might want to use 'ansible-vault' to encrypt the host-key files:

ansible-vault encrypt roles/ansibleguy.infra_wireguard/files/keys/some_file.key

Execution

Run the playbook:

ansible-playbook -K -D -i inventory/hosts.yml playbook.yml

Or if you have encrypted your keys:

ansible-playbook -K -D -i inventory/hosts.yml playbook.yml --ask-vault-pass

There are also some useful tags available:

• base
• config
• tunnels
• purge

If you only want to provision one of your topologies you can set the following variable at execution time:

ansible-playbook -K -D -i inventory/hosts.yml playbook.yml -e only_topo=TOPOLOGY_KEY

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Functionality

• Package installation

  • WireGuard
  • Resolvconf (name resolution)

• Configuration

  • Simplified configuration by the mapping of topologies

  • Supported topologies:

    • single - simply connect two nodes
    • star - multiple edge/branch nodes connect to one central hub
    • mesh - connect each of the peers to every other one

  • Keys

    • Generating public/private key-pairs for each host in a topology (WG identifies peer by publicKey)
    • Keys are written to the controller for consistency

  • Routing

    • The routing is up to you to manage! You could enable the auto-added WG routes or add custom up-/down-scripts.

  • Default config:

    • Saving private-key in file
    • Disabling route auto-adding (anti-lockout & customization)
    • Enabled syslog-logging with instance-identifiers
    • Restarting wg-service on changes

  • Default opt-ins:

    • Using PSK for additional security
    • Purging of orphaned tunnels

  • Default opt-outs:

    • Installation of 'resolvconf' for name-resolution override
    • Traffic forwarding (router-like)

  • Features:

    • Showing last logs if service re-/start fails
    • Auto-Connect of dynamic peer

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Info

• Note: this role currently only supports debian-based systems

• Note: Most of the role's functionality can be opted in or out.

  For all available options - see the default-config located in the main defaults-file!

• Warning: Not every setting/variable you provide will be checked for validity. Bad config might break the role!

• Warning: Be aware that the WireGuard up-/down-scripts are executed as the TUNNEL SERVICE goes up; NOT THE TUNNEL CONNECTION.

  You might need to take this in consideration when planning/configuring your routes and metrics!

• Info: You should keep your topology names short. And try not to use special characters => they will get removed automatically (except '_=+.-') so the key is a valid interface-name!

• Info: Interfaces will get a prefix prepended: (can be changed as provided)

  • single => wgs_
  • star => wgx_
  • mesh => wgm_

• Info: How to run tests is described here

• Info: The host-keys will be saved in the roles 'files' directory by default.

  This key-directory can be changed using the 'controller_key_store' variable!

• Info: If you are using OPNSense firewalls - you can use the ansibleguy.opnsense Ansible collection to manage those WireGuard tunnels.

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Troubleshooting

If you encounter connectivity problems => please follow these steps to narrow down their source:

1. Is the vpn active?

wg show all

If not:

• The connection cannot be established - maybe a misconfiguration or some networking issue (firewall blocking traffic)

• Check your WireGuard logs:

  # 'wgs_ts2' is the WireGuard tunnel-interface in this example
  guy@srv:~# journalctl -u wg-quick@wgs_ts2
  > -- Journal begins at Tue 2022-02-08 15:46:07 UTC, ends at Tue 2022-02-08 17:01:27 UTC. --
  > Feb 08 16:12:31 test-ag-wg-s3 systemd[1]: Starting WireGuard via wg-quick(8) for wgs_ts2...
  > Feb 08 16:12:31 test-ag-wg-s3 wireguard_wgs_ts2[10698]: [#] ip link add wgs_ts2 type wireguard
  > Feb 08 16:12:31 test-ag-wg-s3 wireguard_wgs_ts2[10698]: [#] wg setconf wgs_ts2 /dev/fd/63

  • Here are some common error-messages you might see when mis-configuring your tunnels:
    • Error: RTNETLINK answers: Address already in use
      • Problem: each tunnel must use a unique port to listen on - you might have assigned a duplicate port (or forgot to set it to a custom one)
    • Error: failure in name resolution
      • Problem: the dns-hostname the service is trying to connect to is not set (correctly) or your target-host has general problems resolving DNS
    • Error: Tunnels are configured, services are running, but connection isn't up
      • Problem: the connection port might be blocked by a firewall

2. Is traffic going over the tunnel?

Ping the remote WireGuard tunnel ip - in the configuration this is the 'Address'.

Important: define the source-ip to use!

# .2 is the remote WG-IP; .1 is the local one
ping 10.0.1.2 -I 10.0.1.1

If not:

• Make sure the tunnel is really running!

• Check if the keys match => wg show all should show 'the same' public keys on both sides:

  guy@srv1:~# wg show all
  > interface: wgx_tx1
  > public key: FJgEWygMdiqRcTvij3PiXOtPJNtTENQkv301l2PGhwY=
  > ...

  guy@srv2:~# wg show all
  > ...
  > peer: FJgEWygMdiqRcTvij3PiXOtPJNtTENQkv301l2PGhwY=
  > ...

  To re-generate mismatched keys, just remove them from the controllers 'files' directory and re-run the role on the servers.

3. Is traffic being routed over the tunnel?

This only applies to tunnels that are used to connect remote subnets.

We test it with another ping - this time using the local subnet (not WG-IP).

# 172.30.1.1 is the remote 'subnet'; 172.20.0.1 is the local one
ping 172.30.1.1 -I 172.20.0.1
# you can also run a traceroute to get more information about the route taken:
traceroute 172.30.1.1

If you are motivated => you can run a tcpdump on the remote host to find out if traffic is coming 'through the tunnel'.

# 'wgs_ts2' is the WireGuard tunnel-interface in this example
guy@srv:~# tcpdump -i wgs_ts2
> tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v[v]... for full protocol decode
> listening on wgs_ts2, link-type RAW (Raw IP), snapshot length 262144 bytes
> 17:00:07.336550 IP 10.0.1.2 > 10.0.1.1: ICMP echo request, id 38770, seq 1, length 64
> 17:00:07.336695 IP 10.0.1.1 > 10.0.1.2: ICMP echo reply, id 38770, seq 1, length 64

If not:

• Check if a firewall is blocking any traffic between the hosts.

  IPTables/NFTables per example need to allow incoming AND forwarding traffic.

• Check your routing configuration for errors and compare it against the 'running config':

  # show 'simple' overview
  ip route show all
  # show ALL routes
  ip route show table all
  # to remove unneccessary broadcast/local routes
  ip route show table all | grep -vE '^(broadcast|local)\s'

• The hosts need to support traffic forwarding!

  Make sure the setting 'wireguard.support.traffic_forwarding' is enabled.

• You could have forgotten to add the target network to the 'AllowedIPs'.

  This is necessary for star & mesh topologies!

4. Still having issues

It might be a role-problem/-bug or some other edge-case => please feel free to open a GitHub issue!

Please provide the troubleshooting results in the issue.