Added Application of Linked List

docs/algorithms/Application-of-linked-list.md

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+---
+id: linked-list-applications
+title: Applications of Linked List
+sidebar_label: Applications of Linked List
+sidebar_position: 16
+description: "Applications of Linked List in various fields including data structures, operating systems, and dynamic memory allocation."
+tags: [Data Structure, Linked List, Applications, Programming]
+---
+
+# Applications of Linked List
+
+Linked lists are a fundamental data structure widely used in various fields such as data management, operating systems, and memory allocation. Their ability to dynamically manage memory and facilitate efficient insertions and deletions makes them ideal for numerous applications.
+
+## Applications
+
+### 1. Implementing Stacks and Queues
+   - **Description**: Linked lists are used to create stack (LIFO) and queue (FIFO) data structures.
+   - **Details**:
+     - In stacks, nodes are added or removed only from the top, enabling `push` and `pop` operations.
+     - In queues, nodes are added at the tail and removed from the head.
+   - **Real-World Use**: Call stacks, task scheduling, and handling job queues in software systems.
+
+### 2. Browser History Management
+   - **Description**: Doubly linked lists are used to store browsing history.
+   - **Details**: Each visited page is a node, with links to the previous and next pages for easy navigation.
+   - **Real-World Use**: The "back" and "forward" functions in web browsers work by moving between nodes in a linked list.
+
+### 3. Undo/Redo Functionality in Text Editors
+   - **Description**: Linked lists store sequences of actions for undo/redo features.
+   - **Details**: Each action is saved as a node, allowing reversal (undo) or reapplication (redo) of changes.
+   - **Real-World Use**: Code editors and word processors like Microsoft Word use this for user actions.
+
+### 4. Dynamic Memory Allocation
+   - **Description**: Linked lists are used in memory management to track free and allocated memory blocks.
+   - **Details**: Each memory block points to the next, allowing programs to efficiently request and release memory.
+   - **Real-World Use**: Memory management functions in C, such as `malloc` and `free`, rely on linked lists.
+
+### 5. Polynomial Manipulation
+   - **Description**: Linked lists represent polynomials for efficient operations.
+   - **Details**: Each term of a polynomial is a node, making addition, subtraction, and multiplication easy.
+   - **Real-World Use**: Scientific computing applications and symbolic math tools rely on this for polynomial operations.
+
+### 6. File Allocation Table (FAT) in File Systems
+   - **Description**: Linked lists manage non-contiguous storage in the FAT file system.
+   - **Details**: Each block in a file points to the next, allowing fragmented files to be stored on disk.
+   - **Real-World Use**: USB drives and SD cards use FAT, especially in non-contiguous storage situations.
+
+### 7. Operating System Process Scheduling
+   - **Description**: Linked lists manage the queue of processes waiting for CPU time.
+   - **Details**: Each process in the queue is a node, enabling efficient process addition and removal.
+   - **Real-World Use**: Linux and Windows use linked lists for managing process scheduling.
+
+### 8. Sparse Matrix Representation
+   - **Description**: Linked lists efficiently store sparse matrices by holding only non-zero elements.
+   - **Details**: Each non-zero element is stored as a node with its row, column, and value.
+   - **Real-World Use**: Used in scientific computing and machine learning applications for sparse data.
+
+Linked lists provide efficient ways to manage data dynamically, making them indispensable for data structure implementations, memory management, and various software applications.