Oracle Installation

Operating System (OS) Installation

First, create a virtual machine with the following requirements:

• 4GB RAM
• 20GB hard disk
• 2 cores (optional but recommended for better performance, you can also use 1 core)

Once the machine starts, let all the initial ISO scripts load and wait.

Then, log in as root.

Installing Cockpit

To install Cockpit, run the following command:

dnf install -y cockpit

Wait for the installation to complete and then enable the service:

systemctl enable --now cockpit.socket  
systemctl enable cockpit

Now, access the Cockpit web interface through the browser:

https://<SERVER_IP>:9090

From this point, we will use the web interface terminal to continue the installation.

Installing SQL*Plus

We will use Oracle repositories to install SQL*Plus with the following commands:

sudo dnf install -y oraclelinux-release-el8
sudo dnf config-manager --set-enabled ol8_oracle_instantclient

Clear the dnf cache and regenerate metadata for enabled repositories:

dnf clean all

Install SQL*Plus with the following command:

dnf install -y oracle-instantclient-sqlplus-21.11.0.0.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

Installing the Database

Run the following command to install Oracle Database preinstallation packages:

sudo dnf install -y oracle-database-preinstall-21c

Now, download the installation package from Oracle's official page:

• Oracle Database 21c Express Edition for Linux x64 (OL8):
  Download here

After downloading, transfer the file to the Oracle machine using SSH.

Modify the SSH configuration to allow root login:

vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Find the line:

PermitRootLogin

And set it to YES. Then restart the SSH service:

systemctl restart sshd

Now transfer the database file:

scp oracle-database-xe-21c-1.0-1.ol8.x86_64.rpm root@<SERVER_IP>:/tmp

Verify that the file has been transferred correctly and proceed with the installation:

dnf install -y /tmp/oracle-database-xe-21c-1.0-1.ol8.x86_64.rpm

Once installed, run the initial configuration:

/etc/init.d/oracle-xe-21 configure

This process will prompt you to enter the necessary database passwords.

Setting Environment Variables

To avoid connection issues with the database, set environment variables by running the following commands:

echo "export ORACLE_SID=XE" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/21c/dbhomeXE" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

Verifications

To verify the installation, run SQL*Plus and connect to the database:

sqlplus /nolog

Then log in as the administrator:

CONNECT sys AS sysdba;

Enter the password, and if everything is correct, you should now be inside the database.

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With this, the installation of Oracle Database 21c XE is completed. (I made a script to automatize this procces, you can download it here!)