diff --git a/.github/workflows/performance.yml b/.github/workflows/performance.yml
index fc29f0c015ee1..27339c1eefc41 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/performance.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/performance.yml
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ on:
       # Confirm any changes to relevant workflow files.
       - '.github/workflows/performance.yml'
       - '.github/workflows/reusable-performance.yml'
+      - '.github/workflows/reusable-performance-*.yml'
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 # Cancels all previous workflow runs for pull requests that have not completed.
@@ -47,21 +48,82 @@ concurrency:
 permissions: {}
 
 jobs:
+  determine-matrix:
+    name: Determine Matrix
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    if: ${{ ( github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' ) && ! contains( github.event.before, '00000000' ) }}
+    permissions: {}
+    env:
+      TARGET_SHA: ${{ github.event_name == 'pull_request' && github.event.pull_request.base.sha || github.event.before }}
+    outputs:
+      subjects: ${{ steps.set-subjects.outputs.result }}
+      target_sha: ${{ env.TARGET_SHA }}
+    steps:
+      # The `workflow_dispatch` event is the only one missing the needed SHA to target.
+      - name: Retrieve previous commit SHA (if necessary)
+        if: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' }}
+        run: echo "TARGET_SHA=$(git rev-parse HEAD^1)" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+
+      - name: Set subjects
+        uses: actions/github-script@60a0d83039c74a4aee543508d2ffcb1c3799cdea # v7.0.1
+        id: set-subjects
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const artifacts = await github.rest.actions.listArtifactsForRepo({
+              owner: context.repo.owner,
+              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              name: 'wordpress-build-' + process.env.TARGET_SHA,
+            });
+            const has_previous_build = !! artifacts.data.artifacts[0];
+
+            const subjects = [
+              'current',
+            ];
+
+            if ( context.eventName === 'push' && context.ref === 'refs/heads/trunk' ) {
+              subjects.push( 'base' );
+            } else if ( has_previous_build ) {
+              subjects.push( 'before' );
+            }
+
+            return subjects;
+
   # Runs the performance test suite.
   performance:
-    name: ${{ matrix.multisite && 'Multisite' || 'Single site' }}
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-performance.yml
+    name: ${{ matrix.multisite && 'Multisite' || 'Single Site' }} ${{ matrix.memcached && 'Memcached' || 'Default' }}
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-performance-test-v2.yml
+    needs: [ determine-matrix ]
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        memcached: [ true, false ]
+        multisite: [ true, false ]
+        subject: ${{ fromJson( needs.determine-matrix.outputs.subjects ) }}
+    with:
+      memcached: ${{ matrix.memcached }}
+      multisite: ${{ matrix.multisite }}
+      subject: ${{ matrix.subject }}
+      TARGET_SHA: ${{ needs.determine-matrix.outputs.target_sha }}
+
+  compare:
+    name: ${{ matrix.label }}
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/reusable-performance-report-v2.yml
+    needs: [ determine-matrix, performance ]
     permissions:
       contents: read
-    if: ${{ ( github.repository == 'WordPress/wordpress-develop' || github.event_name == 'pull_request' ) }}
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         memcached: [ true, false ]
         multisite: [ true, false ]
+        label: [ Compare ]
     with:
       memcached: ${{ matrix.memcached }}
       multisite: ${{ matrix.multisite }}
+      BASE_TAG: ${{ needs.performance.outputs.BASE_TAG }}
+      publish: ${{ contains( fromJson( needs.determine-matrix.outputs.subjects ), 'base' ) && ! matrix.memcached && ! matrix.multisite }}
     secrets:
       CODEVITALS_PROJECT_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODEVITALS_PROJECT_TOKEN }}
 
diff --git a/.github/workflows/reusable-performance-report-v2.yml b/.github/workflows/reusable-performance-report-v2.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..880945541e4e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/reusable-performance-report-v2.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+##
+# A reusable workflow that compares and publishes the performance tests.
+##
+name: Compare and publish performance Tests
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      BASE_TAG:
+        description: 'The version being used for baseline measurements.'
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      memcached:
+        description: 'Whether to enable memcached.'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
+      multisite:
+        description: 'Whether to use Multisite.'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
+      publish:
+        description: 'Whether to publish the results to Code Vitals.'
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
+    secrets:
+      CODEVITALS_PROJECT_TOKEN:
+        description: 'The authorization token for https://www.codevitals.run/project/wordpress.'
+        required: false
+
+env:
+  BASE_TAG: ${{ inputs.BASE_TAG }}
+
+# Disable permissions for all available scopes by default.
+# Any needed permissions should be configured at the job level.
+permissions: {}
+
+jobs:
+  # Performs the following steps:
+  # - Checkout repository.
+  # - Set up Node.js.
+  # - Download the relevant performance test artifacts.
+  # - List the downloaded files for debugging.
+  # - Compare results.
+  # - Add workflow summary.
+  # - Determine the sha of the baseline tag if necessary.
+  # - Publish performance results if necessary.
+  compare:
+    name: ${{ inputs.multisite && 'Multisite' || 'Single Site' }} ${{ inputs.memcached && 'Memcached' || 'Default' }} ${{ inputs.publish && '(Publishes)' || '' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+        with:
+          show-progress: ${{ runner.debug == '1' && 'true' || 'false' }}
+          fetch-depth: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && '2' || '1' }}
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Set up Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@39370e3970a6d050c480ffad4ff0ed4d3fdee5af # v4.1.0
+        with:
+          node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
+          cache: npm
+
+      - name: Download artifacts
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@fa0a91b85d4f404e444e00e005971372dc801d16 # v4.1.8
+        with:
+          pattern: performance-${{ inputs.multisite && 'multisite' || 'single' }}-${{ inputs.memcached && 'memcached' || 'default' }}-*
+          path: artifacts
+          merge-multiple: true
+
+      - name: List files
+        run: tree artifacts
+
+      - name: Compare results
+        run: node ./tests/performance/compare-results.js "${RUNNER_TEMP}/summary.md"
+
+      - name: Add workflow summary
+        run: cat "${RUNNER_TEMP}/summary.md" >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+
+      - name: Set the base sha
+        # Only needed when publishing results.
+        if: ${{ inputs.publish }}
+        uses: actions/github-script@60a0d83039c74a4aee543508d2ffcb1c3799cdea # v7.0.1
+        id: base-sha
+        with:
+          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          result-encoding: string
+          script: |
+            const baseRef = await github.rest.git.getRef({
+              owner: context.repo.owner,
+              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              ref: 'tags/' + process.env.BASE_TAG,
+            });
+            return baseRef.data.object.sha;
+
+      - name: Publish performance results
+        if: ${{ inputs.publish }}
+        env:
+          BASE_SHA: ${{ steps.base-sha.outputs.result }}
+          CODEVITALS_PROJECT_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CODEVITALS_PROJECT_TOKEN }}
+          HOST_NAME: www.codevitals.run
+        run: |
+          if [ -z "$CODEVITALS_PROJECT_TOKEN" ]; then
+            echo "Performance results could not be published. 'CODEVITALS_PROJECT_TOKEN' is not set"
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          COMMITTED_AT="$(git show -s "$GITHUB_SHA" --format='%cI')"
+          node ./tests/performance/log-results.js "$CODEVITALS_PROJECT_TOKEN" trunk "$GITHUB_SHA" "$BASE_SHA" "$COMMITTED_AT" "$HOST_NAME"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/reusable-performance-test-v2.yml b/.github/workflows/reusable-performance-test-v2.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..421bb129ebe12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/reusable-performance-test-v2.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+##
+# A reusable workflow that runs the performance test suite.
+##
+name: Run performance Tests
+
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      subject:
+        description: Subject of the test. One of `current`, `before`, or `base`.
+        required: true
+        type: string
+      LOCAL_DIR:
+        description: 'Where to run WordPress from.'
+        required: false
+        type: 'string'
+        default: 'build'
+      BASE_TAG:
+        description: 'The version being used for baseline measurements.'
+        required: false
+        type: 'string'
+        default: '6.7.0'
+      TARGET_SHA:
+        description: 'SHA hash of the target commit used for "before" measurements.'
+        required: true
+        type: 'string'
+      php-version:
+        description: 'The PHP version to use.'
+        required: false
+        type: 'string'
+        default: 'latest'
+      memcached:
+        description: 'Whether to enable memcached.'
+        required: false
+        type: 'boolean'
+        default: false
+      multisite:
+        description: 'Whether to use Multisite.'
+        required: false
+        type: 'boolean'
+        default: false
+    outputs:
+      BASE_TAG:
+        description: 'The version being used for baseline measurements.'
+        value: ${{ inputs.BASE_TAG }}
+    secrets:
+      CODEVITALS_PROJECT_TOKEN:
+        description: 'The authorization token for https://www.codevitals.run/project/wordpress.'
+        required: false
+
+env:
+  PUPPETEER_SKIP_DOWNLOAD: ${{ true }}
+
+  # Prevent wp-scripts from downloading extra Playwright browsers,
+  # since Chromium will be installed in its dedicated step already.
+  PLAYWRIGHT_SKIP_BROWSER_DOWNLOAD: true
+
+  # Performance testing should be performed in an environment reflecting a standard production environment.
+  LOCAL_WP_DEBUG: false
+  LOCAL_SCRIPT_DEBUG: false
+  LOCAL_SAVEQUERIES: false
+  LOCAL_WP_DEVELOPMENT_MODE: "''"
+
+  BASE_TAG: ${{ inputs.BASE_TAG }}
+  TARGET_SHA: ${{ inputs.TARGET_SHA }}
+
+  LOCAL_DIR: ${{ inputs.LOCAL_DIR }}
+  LOCAL_PHP_MEMCACHED: ${{ inputs.memcached }}
+  LOCAL_PHP: ${{ inputs.php-version }}${{ 'latest' != inputs.php-version && '-fpm' || '' }}
+  LOCAL_MULTISITE: ${{ inputs.multisite }}
+
+# Disable permissions for all available scopes by default.
+# Any needed permissions should be configured at the job level.
+permissions: {}
+
+jobs:
+  # Performs the following steps:
+  # - Configure environment variables.
+  # - Checkout repository.
+  # - Set up Node.js.
+  # - Log debug information.
+  # - Install npm dependencies.
+  # - Install Playwright browsers.
+  # - Build WordPress.
+  # - Start Docker environment.
+  # - Put the baseline or target version of WordPress in place if necessary.
+  # - Install object cache drop-in.
+  # - Log running Docker containers.
+  # - Docker debug information.
+  # - Install WordPress.
+  # - WordPress debug information.
+  # - Enable themes on Multisite.
+  # - Install WordPress Importer plugin.
+  # - Import mock data.
+  # - Deactivate WordPress Importer plugin.
+  # - Update permalink structure.
+  # - Install additional languages.
+  # - Disable external HTTP requests.
+  # - Disable cron.
+  # - List defined constants.
+  # - Install MU plugin.
+  # - Run performance tests.
+  # - Archive artifacts.
+  # - Ensure version-controlled files are not modified or deleted.
+  performance:
+    name: Test ${{ inputs.subject == 'base' && inputs.BASE_TAG || inputs.subject }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Configure environment variables
+        run: |
+          echo "PHP_FPM_UID=$(id -u)" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+          echo "PHP_FPM_GID=$(id -g)" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
+        with:
+          show-progress: ${{ runner.debug == '1' && 'true' || 'false' }}
+          fetch-depth: ${{ github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && '2' || '1' }}
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Set up Node.js
+        uses: actions/setup-node@39370e3970a6d050c480ffad4ff0ed4d3fdee5af # v4.1.0
+        with:
+          node-version-file: '.nvmrc'
+          cache: npm
+
+      - name: Log debug information
+        run: |
+          npm --version
+          node --version
+          curl --version
+          git --version
+          locale -a
+
+      - name: Install npm dependencies
+        run: npm ci
+
+      - name: Install Playwright browsers
+        run: npx playwright install --with-deps chromium
+
+      - name: Start Docker environment
+        run: npm run env:start
+
+      - name: Build WordPress
+        run: npm run build
+
+      - name: Download previous build artifact (target branch or previous commit)
+        if: ${{ inputs.subject == 'before' }}
+        uses: actions/github-script@60a0d83039c74a4aee543508d2ffcb1c3799cdea # v7.0.1
+        id: get-previous-build
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const artifacts = await github.rest.actions.listArtifactsForRepo({
+              owner: context.repo.owner,
+              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              name: 'wordpress-build-' + process.env.TARGET_SHA,
+            });
+            const matchArtifact = artifacts.data.artifacts[0];
+            if ( ! matchArtifact ) {
+              core.setFailed( 'No artifact found!' );
+              return false;
+            }
+            const download = await github.rest.actions.downloadArtifact( {
+              owner: context.repo.owner,
+              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              artifact_id: matchArtifact.id,
+              archive_format: 'zip',
+            } );
+            const fs = require( 'fs' );
+            fs.writeFileSync( process.env.GITHUB_WORKSPACE + '/before.zip', Buffer.from( download.data ) )
+            return true;
+
+      - name: Unzip the previous build
+        if: ${{ inputs.subject == 'before' }}
+        run: |
+          unzip "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/before.zip"
+          unzip -o "${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/wordpress.zip"
+
+      - name: Set the environment to the baseline version
+        if: ${{ inputs.subject == 'base' }}
+        run: |
+          VERSION="${BASE_TAG%.0}"
+          npm run env:cli -- core download --version="$VERSION" --force --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+
+      - name: Install object cache drop-in
+        if: ${{ inputs.memcached }}
+        run: cp src/wp-content/object-cache.php build/wp-content/object-cache.php
+
+      - name: Log running Docker containers
+        run: docker ps -a
+
+      - name: Docker debug information
+        run: |
+          docker -v
+          docker compose run --rm mysql mysql --version
+          docker compose run --rm php php --version
+          docker compose run --rm php php -m
+          docker compose run --rm php php -i
+          docker compose run --rm php locale -a
+
+      - name: Install WordPress
+        run: npm run env:install
+
+      - name: Check version number
+        run: npm run env:cli -- core version --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+
+      - name: Enable themes on Multisite
+        if: ${{ inputs.multisite }}
+        run: |
+          npm run env:cli -- theme enable twentytwentyone --network --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+          npm run env:cli -- theme enable twentytwentythree --network --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+          npm run env:cli -- theme enable twentytwentyfour --network --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+          npm run env:cli -- theme enable twentytwentyfive --network --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+
+      - name: Install WordPress Importer plugin
+        run: npm run env:cli -- plugin install wordpress-importer --activate --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+
+      - name: Import mock data
+        run: |
+          curl -O https://raw.githubusercontent.com/WordPress/theme-test-data/b9752e0533a5acbb876951a8cbb5bcc69a56474c/themeunittestdata.wordpress.xml
+          npm run env:cli -- import themeunittestdata.wordpress.xml --authors=create --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+          rm themeunittestdata.wordpress.xml
+
+      - name: Deactivate WordPress Importer plugin
+        run: npm run env:cli -- plugin deactivate wordpress-importer --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+
+      - name: Update permalink structure
+        run: npm run env:cli -- rewrite structure '/%year%/%monthnum%/%postname%/' --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+
+      - name: Install additional languages
+        run: |
+          npm run env:cli -- language core install de_DE --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+          npm run env:cli -- language plugin install de_DE --all --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+          npm run env:cli -- language theme install de_DE --all --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+
+      # Prevent background update checks from impacting test stability.
+      - name: Disable external HTTP requests
+        run: npm run env:cli -- config set WP_HTTP_BLOCK_EXTERNAL true --raw --type=constant --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+
+      # Prevent background tasks from impacting test stability.
+      - name: Disable cron
+        run: npm run env:cli -- config set DISABLE_WP_CRON true --raw --type=constant --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+
+      - name: List defined constants
+        run: npm run env:cli -- config list --path="/var/www/${LOCAL_DIR}"
+
+      - name: Install MU plugin
+        run: |
+          mkdir "./${LOCAL_DIR}/wp-content/mu-plugins"
+          cp ./tests/performance/wp-content/mu-plugins/server-timing.php "./${LOCAL_DIR}/wp-content/mu-plugins/server-timing.php"
+
+      - name: Run performance tests
+        run: npm run test:performance
+        env:
+          TEST_RESULTS_PREFIX: ${{ inputs.subject != 'current' && inputs.subject || '' }}
+
+      - name: Archive artifacts
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@b4b15b8c7c6ac21ea08fcf65892d2ee8f75cf882 # v4.4.3
+        if: always()
+        with:
+          name: performance-${{ inputs.multisite && 'multisite' || 'single' }}-${{ inputs.memcached && 'memcached' || 'default' }}-${{ inputs.subject }}
+          path: artifacts
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          include-hidden-files: true
+
+      - name: Ensure version-controlled files are not modified or deleted
+        run: git diff --exit-code