The Dining Philosophers problem is a classic synchronization problem in computer science that was introduced by Edsger Dijkstra in 1965. It demonstrates the challenges of coordinating multiple processes or threads in a concurrent system.
In this problem, there are five philosophers sitting at a round table.
Each philosopher alternates between thinking and eating.
A fork is placed between each pair of adjacent philosophers, and to eat, a philosopher needs to pick up both forks on their sides.
The challenge is to design a solution that prevents deadlocks and ensures that each philosopher gets a fair opportunity to eat without causing resource conflicts.