Add python 3.12 to tests; remove lint

[mcflugen]

This pull requests adds Python 3.12 (and removes 3.8, 3.9) to the CI tests, updates the linter versions, and removes a bunch of lint.

I've removed the lint workflow and instead use pre-commit.ci to check for lint. pre-commit.ci will not only check for lint but also, where possible, fix the lint errors. I hope this will make things a little easier. You can and should still run nox -s lint locally but pre-commit.ci will help when you forget.

[mcflugen]

@anardek This is ready to go. If you could give it a quick look, that would be great!

[anardek]

This looks great. Just making sure: we already published V1 on conda (with the old python version), and this pull request updates the main branch to be compatible with python 3.12. So now I need to conda again?

[mcflugen]

Yes, v1 is already on conda-forge—and is available for all version of Python >= 3.10 (including 3.12). All I've done here is added Python 3.12 to the versions of Python that cascade is tested against. Because all the tests passed with Python 3.12, there's no need to conda again. If it had turned out that Python 3.12 caused things to break, we would have had to fix things and re-conda but that wasn't the case, so we're all good.