diff --git a/include/sleipnir/autodiff/VariableMatrix.hpp b/include/sleipnir/autodiff/VariableMatrix.hpp
index 329ce60d..6f8c30d4 100644
--- a/include/sleipnir/autodiff/VariableMatrix.hpp
+++ b/include/sleipnir/autodiff/VariableMatrix.hpp
@@ -38,7 +38,8 @@ class SLEIPNIR_DLLEXPORT VariableMatrix {
    * @param rows The number of matrix rows.
    */
   explicit VariableMatrix(int rows) : m_rows{rows}, m_cols{1} {
-    for (int row = 0; row < rows; ++row) {
+    m_storage.reserve(Rows());
+    for (int row = 0; row < Rows(); ++row) {
       m_storage.emplace_back();
     }
   }
@@ -50,8 +51,9 @@ class SLEIPNIR_DLLEXPORT VariableMatrix {
    * @param cols The number of matrix columns.
    */
   VariableMatrix(int rows, int cols) : m_rows{rows}, m_cols{cols} {
-    for (int row = 0; row < rows; ++row) {
-      for (int col = 0; col < cols; ++col) {
+    m_storage.reserve(Rows() * Cols());
+    for (int row = 0; row < Rows(); ++row) {
+      for (int col = 0; col < Cols(); ++col) {
         m_storage.emplace_back();
       }
     }
@@ -238,6 +240,7 @@ class SLEIPNIR_DLLEXPORT VariableMatrix {
    */
   VariableMatrix(const VariableBlock<VariableMatrix>& values)  // NOLINT
       : m_rows{values.Rows()}, m_cols{values.Cols()} {
+    m_storage.reserve(Rows() * Cols());
     for (int row = 0; row < Rows(); ++row) {
       for (int col = 0; col < Cols(); ++col) {
         m_storage.emplace_back(values(row, col));
@@ -252,6 +255,7 @@ class SLEIPNIR_DLLEXPORT VariableMatrix {
    */
   VariableMatrix(const VariableBlock<const VariableMatrix>& values)  // NOLINT
       : m_rows{values.Rows()}, m_cols{values.Cols()} {
+    m_storage.reserve(Rows() * Cols());
     for (int row = 0; row < Rows(); ++row) {
       for (int col = 0; col < Cols(); ++col) {
         m_storage.emplace_back(values(row, col));
@@ -266,6 +270,7 @@ class SLEIPNIR_DLLEXPORT VariableMatrix {
    */
   explicit VariableMatrix(std::span<const Variable> values)
       : m_rows{static_cast<int>(values.size())}, m_cols{1} {
+    m_storage.reserve(Rows() * Cols());
     for (int row = 0; row < Rows(); ++row) {
       for (int col = 0; col < Cols(); ++col) {
         m_storage.emplace_back(values[row * Cols() + col]);
@@ -283,6 +288,7 @@ class SLEIPNIR_DLLEXPORT VariableMatrix {
   VariableMatrix(std::span<const Variable> values, int rows, int cols)
       : m_rows{rows}, m_cols{cols} {
     Assert(static_cast<int>(values.size()) == Rows() * Cols());
+    m_storage.reserve(Rows() * Cols());
     for (int row = 0; row < Rows(); ++row) {
       for (int col = 0; col < Cols(); ++col) {
         m_storage.emplace_back(values[row * Cols() + col]);