Nginx:
/etc/init.d/nginx start
sudo service nginx restart
sudo service nginx reload
Apache:
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
php-fastcgi:
chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fastcgi
update-rc.d php-fastcgi defaults
sudo /etc/init.d/php-fastcgi start
php5-fpm (PHP processor):
sudo service php5-fpm restart (if it throws an error use below):
sudo pkill php5-fpm; sudo service php5-fpm start
mysql:
sudo service mysql restart
/etc/init.d/mysql restart