all.asm

#
# University of Utah, Computer Design Laboratory ECE 3710, CompactRISC16
#
# Create Date: 12/01/2021
# Name: all
# Description: An assembly code file meant to exhaustively test the capabilities of the CR16
# processor (according to the CR16 ISA) and the accompanying assembler.
# Authors: Nate Hansen, Jacob Peterson
#

# The following is an example of `define (macro) syntax
`define STACK_PTR_LOWER 0xFF
`define STACK_PTR_UPPER 0x03

##
# The program initialization.
#
# @return void
##
.init
    # Initialize stack pointer to 1023
    MOVIL   rsp STACK_PTR_LOWER
    MOVIU   rsp STACK_PTR_UPPER

##
# The main function.
#
# @return void
##
.main
    MOVIL   r0  0      # i
    MOVIU   r0  0
    MOVIL   r1  3      # x
    MOVIU   r1  0
    MOVIL   r2  4      # y
    MOVIU   r2  0
    MOV     r11 r1
    MOV     r12 r2
    CALL    .max
    PUSH    r10        # Return value should be 4
    ADDI    r0  1
    MOVIL   r4  0
    MOVIU   r4  0      # j
    .main:l2           # Nested labels should be be prepended with the function label and a ':' and
    LSHI    r0  1      # they should be indented.
    ADDI    r4  1
    CMPI    r4  3
    JLT     .main:l2
    PUSH    r0
    CMPI    r0  8
    JNE     .main:l1
    MOVIL   r1  20
    MOVIU   r1  0
    .main:l1
    SUBI    r1  10     # r1 = 10
    MULI    r2  2      # r2 = 8
    PUSH    r1
    STORE   rsp r2
    SUBI    rsp 1
    # Call .test_random_raw_data
    CALL    .test_random_raw_data
    # Call .end to spin indefinitely
    MOVIL   r11 0
    MOVIU   r11 0
    CALL    .end

# Below gives a good example of the format of "assembly docs"

##
# Returns the greater of two given numbers.
#
# @param r11 - the first number
# @param r12 - the second number
#
# @return r10 - the greater number
##
.max
    CMP    r11   r12
    JGE    .max:l3$r9   # This label requires a label-loading register to load the absolute address
    MOV    r10   r12    # of the desired label into a register.
    RET
    NOP                 # The long list of NOPs here is used to confirm that the assembler uses
    NOP                 # absolute jumping and not displacement jumping with instructions containing
    NOP                 # a label reference that lies outside the equivalent displacement-immediate
    NOP                 # instruction range.
    NOP
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    .max:l3
    MOV    r10   r11
    RET

##
# Defines random raw data that gets directly transcoded into the final machine code file and can be
# referenced via the '.random_raw_data' label.
##
.random_raw_data
0xABF2      # Hexadecimal numbers are prefixed with '0x'
042         # Octal numbers are prefixed with '0'
2048        # Decimal numbers are prefixed with nothing
-0x1        # Hex, octal, and decimal numbers can be negative
-01
-1
0b0101      # Binary numbers are prefixed with a '0b'
0b1001_1001 # Underscores are ignored in numbers

##
# Loads '.random_raw_data' and performs some arithmetic and then stores it back in main memory.
#
# @return void
##
.test_random_raw_data
    # Load '.random_raw_data' address into 'r0'. This will always compile to 'MOVIL' and 'MOVIU'
    # instructions with address of the label as the lower and upper immediate values respectively.
    MOV     r0  .random_raw_data

    ADDI    r0  3                   # Get the -0x1 data address from '.random_raw_data'
    LOAD    r1  r0                  # Load -0x1 into r1
    ADDI    r1  1                   # Add 1 to -1 to get 0 in r1
    STORE   r0  r1                  # Store 0 back where -0x1 was in '.random_raw_data'

    RET

##
# Does nothing or spins the processor indefinitely.
#
# @param r11 - '0' to spin indefinitely, '1' to do nothing
#
# @return void
##
.end
    CMPI    r11 1
    JEQ     .end:nop
    .end:spin
    BUC     -1
    .end:nop
    NOP