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docs: adds transaction fee to minted tokens #94

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@raul-oliveira raul-oliveira requested a review from glevco February 24, 2025 18:41
@raul-oliveira raul-oliveira changed the title docs: adds transaction fee minting rfc docs: adds transaction fee to minted tokens Feb 24, 2025
@raul-oliveira raul-oliveira requested review from msbrogli and removed request for pedroferreira1 March 5, 2025 18:07
# Motivation
[motivation]: #motivation

Dozer suggested an alternative to the HTR deposit requirement when minting tokens. The idea is to remove the 1% deposit requirement and, instead, implement a transaction fee for every transfer of the minted tokens. [RFC](https://github.com/Dozer-Protocol/hathor-rfcs/blob/new-token-economics/projects/new-token-economics/token-economics.md)
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Suggestion: The idea is to create a new type of custom tokens where tokens would be minted for free (i.e., no deposits) and fess will be charged for transactions.


## Deposit-Based Model

In this [model](https://github.com/HathorNetwork/rfcs/blob/master/text/0011-token-deposit.md), creators must deposit a percentage (P%) of the minted tokens’ value in HTR. For example, if P% is set at 1% and a user mints 100 tokens, they must deposit 1 HTR. This deposit acts as a reserve and is fully refundable if the tokens are later melted.
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I understand that you added this section to contrast with the current proposal. Please emphasize that this is the current model available in the network.


## Fee-Based Model

The fee-based model does not require an upfront deposit. Instead, each transfer of the minted tokens incurs a transaction fee, which is deducted automatically. The exact fee rate will be defined at a later stage.
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Please emphasize that this is the new model proposed in the RFC.


By selecting the appropriate model, token creators can optimize their minting strategy based on their specific needs and usage scenarios. A key use case is the creation of memecoins.

### How Bitcoin deals with fee
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Please move this section to "Prior Art".


Wallets and services use fee estimators to suggest optimal fees based on the mempool. The protocol does not enforce a minimum fee, but nodes can set a "relay fee" to prevent spam from very low-value transactions.

### How Etherium deals with fee
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Please move this section to "Prior Art".


An explicit use case is meme coins creation.

# Guide-level explanation
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It's missing a section to cover the transaction PoW. Will fee-based transactions still have to solve PoW? If yes, it can be used to prevent flood/spams.


### 2. Potential for Low-Cost Network Congestion

**Issue:** If fees are too low, bad actors could create a high volume of low-value transactions, leading to congestion.
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Isn't the current PoW mechanism enough to solve this issue?

**Issue:** Transactions involving multiple tokens introduce a more complex fee structure, requiring additional computation to determine the appropriate charge.

**Impact:**
- Increased processing overhead for nodes.
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I'd say it would increase processing overhead for wallets (not nodes).


### 4. Miner Incentive Model May Need Adjustments

**Issue:** Since miners are currently incentivized through TX mining and HTR block rewards, a shift to fee-based transactions could impact their revenue model.
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Tx mining is not part of the miners incentive scheme. Additionally, I can't see how the current proposal would impact miners since all previous mechanisms would still be in place.

**Issue:** Nano contracts and other execution-based transactions introduce **variable computational costs** that are not reflected in a simple per-transaction fee model.

**Impact:**
- Fees may be **too low to cover execution costs**, leading to **free rider issues**.
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What are free rider issues?

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