Spanning over 400 megaparsecs (~1.3 billion light-years) and containing an estimated mass of about 2×10¹⁷ solar masses, Quipu was identified by analyzing matter density distributions using X-ray observations of galaxy clusters within a distance range of 130 to 250 megaparsecs.
This colossal structure comprises about 45% of galaxy clusters, 30% of galaxies, and 25% of the universe's matter while occupying only 13% of its volume. The discovery of Quipu has important implications for cosmology, including possible modifications of the cosmic microwave background through the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect and influences on measurements of the Hubble constant.
The study of such superstructures is also crucial for understanding the environmental dependence of galaxy evolution and testing the accuracy of cosmological models.
You can access datasets for the Shapley, Serpens-Corona Borealis, Hercules, and Sculptor-Pegasus superclusters from the following sources:
SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey – This survey provides a catalog of superclusters, including Shapley. Data and publications can be accessed here: arxiv.org
"Unveiling the Largest Structures in the Nearby Universe" Study – Covers Serpens-Corona Borealis, Hercules, and Sculptor-Pegasus superclusters. Available at: arxiv.org
NASA Extragalactic Database (NED) – Contains data on extragalactic objects, including superclusters. Search here: NED
Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) – Provides optical survey data for galaxy distributions within these superclusters: SDSS
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