information-gathering.md

Information Gathering

Operating System Enumeration

The distribution and kernel versions will be key pieces of information in attempting to locate a viable local privilege escalation attack. Often a particular kernel version or linux distribution will be vulnerable to a well known specific exploit or avenue for privilege escalation.

Determine linux distribution and version

cat /etc/issue
cat /etc/*-release
cat /etc/lsb-release
cat /etc/redhat-release
cat /etc/os-release

Determine kernel version - 32 or 64-bit?

cat /proc/version
uname -a
uname -mrs
rpm -q kernel
dmesg | grep Linux
ls /boot | grep vmlinuz-

List environment variables

cat /etc/profile
cat /etc/bashrc
cat ~/.bash_profile
cat ~/.bashrc
cat ~/.bash_logout
env

Application and Services Enumeration

Determine which services are running

ps aux
ps -ef
top
cat /etc/service 

Determine which services are running as root

ps aux | grep root
ps -ef | grep root

Determine installed applications

ls -alh /usr/bin/
ls -alh /sbin/
dpkg -l
rpm -qa
ls -alh /var/cache/apt/archivesO
ls -alh /var/cache/yum/
yum list | grep installed
Solaris: pkginfo
Arch Linux: pacman -Q 

Determine versions of important applications

gcc -v
mysql --version
java -version
python --version
ruby -v
perl -v

Review installed configurations

Syslog Configuration

cat /etc/syslog.conf

Web Server Configurations

cat /etc/chttp.conf
cat /etc/lighttpd.conf
cat /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
cat /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
cat /opt/lampp/etc/httpd.conf

PHP Configuration

/etc/php5/apache2/php.ini

MySQL Configuration

cat /etc/my.conf

Determine scheduled jobs

crontab -l
ls -alh /var/spool/cron
ls -al /etc/ | grep cron
ls -al /etc/cron*
cat /etc/cron*
cat /etc/at.allow
cat /etc/at.deny
cat /etc/cron.allow
cat /etc/cron.deny
cat /etc/crontab
cat /etc/anacrontab
cat /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root

Locate any plaintext usernames and passwords

grep -i user [filename]
grep -i pass [filename]
grep -C 5 "password" [filename]
find . -name "*.php" -print0 | xargs -0 grep -i -n "var $password"   # Joomla 

Communications and Networking Enumeration

Identify connected NICs and other networks

/sbin/ifconfig -a
cat /etc/network/interfaces
cat /etc/sysconfig/network

Identify connected users and hosts

lsof -nPi
lsof -i :80
grep 80 /etc/services
netstat -antup
netstat -antpx
netstat -tulpn
chkconfig --list
chkconfig --list | grep 3:on
last
w

Identify cached IP or MAC addresses

arp -a
route -n
/sbin/route -nee
ip ro show

Identify network configuration Settings (DHCP, DNS, Gateway)

cat /etc/resolv.conf
cat /etc/hosts
cat /etc/sysconfig/network
cat /etc/networks
iptables -L
iptables -t nat -L
hostname
dnsdomainname

Is packet sniffing possible

# tcpdump tcp dst [ip] [port] and tcp dst [ip] [port]
tcpdump tcp dst 192.168.1.7 80 and tcp dst 10.2.2.222 21

Check for ports open for local only connections

netstat -tupan

Is tunneling possible

ssh -D 127.0.0.1:9050 -N [username]@[ip] 
proxychains ifconfig

User and Confidential Information Enumeration

File System Enumeration