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What Makes a Computer a Computer?


4 Common Things of a Computer

  • Input
  • Store
  • Process
  • Output

Fun Facts

  • The first computers were made with woood, levers, and gears
  • Output from one computer maybe input to another and vice versa
  • CPU or Computer Processing Unit collects information
  • A screen is output which converts binary signals into tiny lights and colors that you see

Types of Output

  • Speaker
  • Screen
  • Car motor
  • Robotic arm

Types of Input

  • Keyboard
  • Microphone
  • Camera
  • Heartbeat
  • Touch screen

Storage and Processing

Input is processed through memory then changes it with an algorithm (a series of commands) and sends info out output text, photos, vids, games, vr, robot

Data and Binary

  • Computers utilize ones and zeroes
  • Wires and circuits are used in a computer to pass around the binary to different parts
  • One wire(bits) can be:
    • on or off
    • yes or no
    • true or false
    • 1 or 0
  • More wires = more bits

Binary number system

  • Binary can count up to any number
  • The more wires, the more numbers you can store
  • Text, images, sounds can all be represented with numbers
  • Binary can represent letters from the alphabet as on or off signals

Images in Binary

  • Pixels have colors and repped by numbers

Types of Images

  • Photos
  • Videos
  • Graphics

Sound binary

  • Sound series of vibrations are represented graphically from waveform and are represented by a number

Circuits and Logic

  • A simple circuit takes electric signal and flips it
  • The signal that goes in is not the same as the signal that comes out, and so we call this circuit "not"
  • Complicated circuits take multiple signals and combine them to give different results
  • A circuit will only give "1" if the first signal and second signal are both "1"
  • Adder circuits take two bits "1" or "2" and adds them together to calculate the sum
    • Sum could be:
      • 0+0=00
      • 0+1=01 (these are in binary)
      • 1+1+10 (2)
  • Put circuits togther side by side to add together much larger numbers

How Computers Work

  • Input converts physical input to binary info from the outside world and converts it into binary info. There's memory to store this info, there's a central processing unit(CPU) and there are output devics that take the info and convert it into physical output. Input is sent as binary. The CPU calculates how to display the content and requests instruction from memory. The memory tells the CPU how to display with pixels from memory. Finally, the pixelated information is sent in binary to the output.

Hardware and software section

  • Hardware is cicuits, chips, wires, speakers, plugs.
  • You cannot see software. code. apps, games, websites, maps
  • CPU is the master chip that controls all the other parts of the computer