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Docker Concepts

Introduction

VM vs. Docker

VM vs. Docker

Docker Engine Components

Docker Main Components

  • Docker client: send commands
  • Docker Daemon: server to handle requests
    • /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.serivce -H tcp://0.0.0.0: configuration to accept remote requests (no need to do)
    • systemctl daemon-reload and systemctl restart docker.service
    • docker -H 192.168.88.8 info: example (no need to do)
  • Registry: host Docker images

Terminology

  • image: a lightweight executable package that includes everything needed to run a piece of software, including the code, a runtime, libraries, environment variables, and config files.
    • image name = repository + tag
  • container: a runtime instance of an image -- what the image becomes in memory when actually executed. It runs completely isolated from the host environment by default, only accessing host files and ports if configured to do so.
  • registry: image store

Conception

一个程序运起来后的计算机执行环境的总和（内存中的数据、寄存器里的值、堆栈中的指令、被打开的文件，以及各种设备的状态信息的一个集合）被称为一个进程。 容器技术的核心功能，就是通过约束和修改进程的动态表现，从而为其创造出一个“边界”。 对于Docker等大多数Linux容器来说，Cgroups技术是用来制造约束的主要手段，而Namespace技术则是用来修改进程视图的主要方法。

Namespace

Cgroups