universal_swap_from_token.py

from web3 import Web3; w3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://base.drpc.org')) # example uses base
from os import getenv
from dotenv import load_dotenv
load_dotenv()
eoa = w3.eth.account.from_key(getenv('TKEY'))                                # replace with your own set up
#----------------------

PERMIT_ADDRESS  = '0x000000000022D473030F116dDEE9F6B43aC78BA3'
BRETT_ADDRESS   = '0x532f27101965dd16442E59d40670FaF5eBB142E4'
WETH_ADDRESS    = '0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000006'
ROUTER_ADDRESS  = '0x198EF79F1F515F02dFE9e3115eD9fC07183f02fC'               # always double check the addresses 

ROUTER_ABI = '''
[{"inputs":[{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"permit2","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"weth9","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"seaportV1_5","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"seaportV1_4","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"openseaConduit","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"nftxZap","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"x2y2","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"foundation","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"sudoswap","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"elementMarket","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"nft20Zap","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"cryptopunks","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"looksRareV2","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"routerRewardsDistributor","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"looksRareRewardsDistributor","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"looksRareToken","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"v2Factory","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"v3Factory","type":"address"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"pairInitCodeHash","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"poolInitCodeHash","type":"bytes32"}],"internalType":"struct RouterParameters","name":"params","type":"tuple"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"},{"inputs":[],"name":"BalanceTooLow","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"BuyPunkFailed","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"ContractLocked","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"ETHNotAccepted","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"commandIndex","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"message","type":"bytes"}],"name":"ExecutionFailed","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"FromAddressIsNotOwner","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"InsufficientETH","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"InsufficientToken","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"InvalidBips","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"commandType","type":"uint256"}],"name":"InvalidCommandType","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"InvalidOwnerERC1155","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"InvalidOwnerERC721","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"InvalidPath","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"InvalidReserves","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"InvalidSpender","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"LengthMismatch","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"SliceOutOfBounds","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"TransactionDeadlinePassed","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"UnableToClaim","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"UnsafeCast","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"V2InvalidPath","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"V2TooLittleReceived","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"V2TooMuchRequested","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"V3InvalidAmountOut","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"V3InvalidCaller","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"V3InvalidSwap","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"V3TooLittleReceived","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"V3TooMuchRequested","type":"error"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"RewardsSent","type":"event"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes","name":"looksRareClaim","type":"bytes"}],"name":"collectRewards","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes","name":"commands","type":"bytes"},{"internalType":"bytes[]","name":"inputs","type":"bytes[]"}],"name":"execute","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes","name":"commands","type":"bytes"},{"internalType":"bytes[]","name":"inputs","type":"bytes[]"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"deadline","type":"uint256"}],"name":"execute","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256[]","name":"","type":"uint256[]"},{"internalType":"uint256[]","name":"","type":"uint256[]"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"","type":"bytes"}],"name":"onERC1155BatchReceived","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes4","name":"","type":"bytes4"}],"stateMutability":"pure","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"","type":"bytes"}],"name":"onERC1155Received","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes4","name":"","type":"bytes4"}],"stateMutability":"pure","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"","type":"bytes"}],"name":"onERC721Received","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes4","name":"","type":"bytes4"}],"stateMutability":"pure","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes4","name":"interfaceId","type":"bytes4"}],"name":"supportsInterface","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"pure","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"int256","name":"amount0Delta","type":"int256"},{"internalType":"int256","name":"amount1Delta","type":"int256"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"data","type":"bytes"}],"name":"uniswapV3SwapCallback","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"stateMutability":"payable","type":"receive"}]
'''
PERMIT_ABI = '''
[{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"deadline","type":"uint256"}],"name":"AllowanceExpired","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"ExcessiveInvalidation","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"InsufficientAllowance","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"maxAmount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"InvalidAmount","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"InvalidContractSignature","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"InvalidNonce","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"InvalidSignature","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"InvalidSignatureLength","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"InvalidSigner","type":"error"},{"inputs":[],"name":"LengthMismatch","type":"error"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"signatureDeadline","type":"uint256"}],"name":"SignatureExpired","type":"error"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint160","name":"amount","type":"uint160"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint48","name":"expiration","type":"uint48"}],"name":"Approval","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"}],"name":"Lockdown","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint48","name":"newNonce","type":"uint48"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint48","name":"oldNonce","type":"uint48"}],"name":"NonceInvalidation","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint160","name":"amount","type":"uint160"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint48","name":"expiration","type":"uint48"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint48","name":"nonce","type":"uint48"}],"name":"Permit","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"word","type":"uint256"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"mask","type":"uint256"}],"name":"UnorderedNonceInvalidation","type":"event"},{"inputs":[],"name":"DOMAIN_SEPARATOR","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"","type":"bytes32"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"name":"allowance","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint160","name":"amount","type":"uint160"},{"internalType":"uint48","name":"expiration","type":"uint48"},{"internalType":"uint48","name":"nonce","type":"uint48"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint160","name":"amount","type":"uint160"},{"internalType":"uint48","name":"expiration","type":"uint48"}],"name":"approve","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint48","name":"newNonce","type":"uint48"}],"name":"invalidateNonces","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"wordPos","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"mask","type":"uint256"}],"name":"invalidateUnorderedNonces","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"}],"internalType":"struct IAllowanceTransfer.TokenSpenderPair[]","name":"approvals","type":"tuple[]"}],"name":"lockdown","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"name":"nonceBitmap","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"components":[{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint160","name":"amount","type":"uint160"},{"internalType":"uint48","name":"expiration","type":"uint48"},{"internalType":"uint48","name":"nonce","type":"uint48"}],"internalType":"struct IAllowanceTransfer.PermitDetails[]","name":"details","type":"tuple[]"},{"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"sigDeadline","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct IAllowanceTransfer.PermitBatch","name":"permitBatch","type":"tuple"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"signature","type":"bytes"}],"name":"permit","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"components":[{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint160","name":"amount","type":"uint160"},{"internalType":"uint48","name":"expiration","type":"uint48"},{"internalType":"uint48","name":"nonce","type":"uint48"}],"internalType":"struct IAllowanceTransfer.PermitDetails","name":"details","type":"tuple"},{"internalType":"address","name":"spender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"sigDeadline","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct IAllowanceTransfer.PermitSingle","name":"permitSingle","type":"tuple"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"signature","type":"bytes"}],"name":"permit","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"components":[{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct ISignatureTransfer.TokenPermissions","name":"permitted","type":"tuple"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"nonce","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"deadline","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct ISignatureTransfer.PermitTransferFrom","name":"permit","type":"tuple"},{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"requestedAmount","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct ISignatureTransfer.SignatureTransferDetails","name":"transferDetails","type":"tuple"},{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"signature","type":"bytes"}],"name":"permitTransferFrom","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"components":[{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct ISignatureTransfer.TokenPermissions[]","name":"permitted","type":"tuple[]"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"nonce","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"deadline","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct ISignatureTransfer.PermitBatchTransferFrom","name":"permit","type":"tuple"},{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"requestedAmount","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct ISignatureTransfer.SignatureTransferDetails[]","name":"transferDetails","type":"tuple[]"},{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"signature","type":"bytes"}],"name":"permitTransferFrom","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"components":[{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct ISignatureTransfer.TokenPermissions","name":"permitted","type":"tuple"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"nonce","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"deadline","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct ISignatureTransfer.PermitTransferFrom","name":"permit","type":"tuple"},{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"requestedAmount","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct ISignatureTransfer.SignatureTransferDetails","name":"transferDetails","type":"tuple"},{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"witness","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"string","name":"witnessTypeString","type":"string"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"signature","type":"bytes"}],"name":"permitWitnessTransferFrom","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"components":[{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct ISignatureTransfer.TokenPermissions[]","name":"permitted","type":"tuple[]"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"nonce","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"deadline","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct ISignatureTransfer.PermitBatchTransferFrom","name":"permit","type":"tuple"},{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"requestedAmount","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct ISignatureTransfer.SignatureTransferDetails[]","name":"transferDetails","type":"tuple[]"},{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"witness","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"string","name":"witnessTypeString","type":"string"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"signature","type":"bytes"}],"name":"permitWitnessTransferFrom","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"from","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint160","name":"amount","type":"uint160"},{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"}],"internalType":"struct IAllowanceTransfer.AllowanceTransferDetails[]","name":"transferDetails","type":"tuple[]"}],"name":"transferFrom","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"from","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint160","name":"amount","type":"uint160"},{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"}],"name":"transferFrom","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"}]
'''
ERC20_ABI = '''
[{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"src","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"guy","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"wad","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Approval","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"dst","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"wad","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Deposit","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"src","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"dst","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"wad","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Transfer","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"src","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"wad","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Withdrawal","type":"event"},{"payable":true,"stateMutability":"payable","type":"fallback"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"name":"allowance","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"guy","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"wad","type":"uint256"}],"name":"approve","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"name":"balanceOf","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"decimals","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint8","name":"","type":"uint8"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[],"name":"deposit","outputs":[],"payable":true,"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"name","outputs":[{"internalType":"string","name":"","type":"string"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"symbol","outputs":[{"internalType":"string","name":"","type":"string"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"totalSupply","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"dst","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"wad","type":"uint256"}],"name":"transfer","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"src","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"dst","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"wad","type":"uint256"}],"name":"transferFrom","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"wad","type":"uint256"}],"name":"withdraw","outputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"}]
'''
router = w3.eth.contract(address=ROUTER_ADDRESS, abi=ROUTER_ABI)
permit = w3.eth.contract(address=PERMIT_ADDRESS, abi=PERMIT_ABI)
token  = w3.eth.contract(address=BRETT_ADDRESS,  abi=ERC20_ABI )

tx = {
        'from': eoa.address,
        'value': 0,
        'chainId': w3.eth.chain_id,
        'gas': 250000,
        'maxFeePerGas': w3.eth.gas_price * 2,
        'maxPriorityFeePerGas': w3.eth.max_priority_fee*2,
        'nonce': w3.eth.get_transaction_count(eoa.address)
}
#---------------------------------------------------------------
#  https://github.com/Uniswap/universal-router/blob/main/contracts/libraries/Commands.sol
#    uint256 constant V3_SWAP_EXACT_IN = 0x00;
#    uint256 constant UNWRAP_WETH = 0x0c;
# ----

# we will swap on v3 then unwrap the native token

commands = '0x000c'

from eth_abi import encode
from eth_abi.packed import encode_packed
# some sane inputs (sane doesn't mean safe in this case, always use a good slippage value unless protected some other way)
to = router.address  # router here, eoa address in unwrap
amount = 1 * 10 ** 4
slippage = 0
FEE = 10000
path = encode_packed(['address','uint24','address'], [BRETT_ADDRESS, FEE, WETH_ADDRESS])
from_eoa = True
unwrap_calldata = encode(['address', 'uint256'], [eoa.address, slippage])
v3_calldata = encode(['address', 'uint256', 'uint256', 'bytes', 'bool'], [to, amount, slippage, path, from_eoa])
deadline = 2*10**10

# PERMIT
# permit is a little involved, there are two ways you can do it. In both cases it is necessary to first perform
# a `classical` approval for the permit2 contract to move your tokens, as it is that contracts allowance that will be spent.
# this approval needs to be performed in a preceding transaction (unless as part of an atomic call from as custom contract for example)
# Following that approval we have two options we can explicitly "approve" the router as a spender of the permit2 contracts allowance in another transaction/call. # The benefit of this method is that the process is intuitive and familiar, it can be performed via a block explorer without any special encoding or signing.
# A second approach is to sign permit data (A set of encoded values), and send the signature for that permit along with the swap.
# While this method increases complexity a little it removes the need for the additional transaction to the permit2 contract to grant a approval to the router.

# We will keep it simple for this example:
approve_permit = token.functions.approve(PERMIT_ADDRESS, amount)
approve_router = permit.functions.approve(BRETT_ADDRESS, ROUTER_ADDRESS, amount, deadline)
# --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


def sign_tx(tx, key):
  sig = w3.eth.account.sign_transaction
  signed_tx = sig(tx, private_key=key)
  return signed_tx

def send_tx(signed_tx):
  w3.eth.send_raw_transaction(signed_tx.rawTransaction)
  tx_hash = w3.to_hex(w3.keccak(signed_tx.rawTransaction))
  return tx_hash

def main():

  approve1 = approve_permit.build_transaction(tx)
  print ('[-] Approving permit... ')
  tx_hash = send_tx(sign_tx(approve1, eoa.key))
  receipt = w3.eth.wait_for_transaction_receipt(tx_hash)
  print (f'[+] Approved PERMIT2 at TOKEN contract: {tx_hash}\n[>] {receipt}')

  tx.update({'nonce': w3.eth.get_transaction_count(eoa.address)})

  approve2 = approve_router.build_transaction(tx)
  print ('[-] Approving router... ')
  tx_hash = send_tx(sign_tx(approve2, eoa.key))
  receipt = w3.eth.wait_for_transaction_receipt(tx_hash)
  print (f'[+] Approved ROUTER at PERMIT contract: {tx_hash}\n[>] {receipt}')

  tx.update({'nonce': w3.eth.get_transaction_count(eoa.address)})

  swap = router.functions.execute(commands, [v3_calldata,unwrap_calldata], deadline).build_transaction(tx)
  print(swap)
  print('[-] Simulating swap...')
  w3.eth.call(swap)
  print('[-] Attempting swap...')
  tx_hash = send_tx(sign_tx(swap, eoa.key))
  receipt = w3.eth.wait_for_transaction_receipt(tx_hash)
  print (f'[>] Hash of swap: {tx_hash}\n[>] {receipt}')

if __name__ == '__main__':
  main()